EMPOWERING OUR MILITARY CONSCIENCE
Military and Defence Ethics
Series Editors
Don Carrick Project Director of the Military Ethics Education Network based in the Institute of Applied Ethics at the University of Hull.
James Connelly Professor of Politics and International Studies, Director of the Institute of Applied Ethics, and Project Leader of the Military Ethics Education Network at the University of Hull.
Paul Robinson Professor in Public and International Affairs at the University of Ottawa.
George Lucas Professor of Philosophy and Director of Navy and National Programs in the Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership at the US Naval Academy, Annapolis M, USA.
There is an urgent and growing need for all those involved in matters of national defence from policy makers to armaments manufacturers to members of the armed forces to behave, and to be seen to behave, ethically. The ethical dimensions of making decisions and taking action in the defence arena are the subject of intense and ongoing media interest and public scrutiny. It is vital that all those involved be given the benefit of the finest possible advice and support. Such advice is best sought from those who have great practical experience or theoretical wisdom (or both) in their particular field and publication of their work in this series will ensure that it is readily accessible to all who need it.
Also in the series
Kantian Thinking about Military Ethics
By J. Carl Ficarrotta
ISBN: 978-0-7546-7992-9
Ethics Education for Irregular Warfare
Edited by Don Carrick, James Connelly and Paul Robinson
ISBN: 978-0-7546-7700-0
Empowering Our Military Conscience
Transforming Just War Theory and Military Moral Education
Edited by
ROGER WERTHEIMER
Agnes Scott College, USA
First published 2010 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2016 by Routledge
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Copyright 2010 Roger Wertheimer
Roger Wertheimer has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editor of this work.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Empowering our military conscience : transforming just war theory and military moral education. -- (Military and defence ethics)
1. Just war doctrine. 2. Military ethics. 3. Military ethics--Study and teaching.
I. Series II. Wertheimer, Roger.
172.42-dc22
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Empowering our military conscience : transforming just war theory and military moral education / edited by Roger Wertheimer.
p. cm. -- (Military and defence ethics)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-7546-7894-6 (hbk)
1. Military education--Moral and ethical aspects--United States. 2. Military education--Moral and ethical aspects. 3. Conscience--United States. 4. Conscience. 5. Military ethics--United States. 6. Military ethics. 7. Just war doctrine. 8. Moral education--United States. 9. Moral education. 10. War--Moral and ethical aspects. I. Wertheimer, Roger.
U408.3.E48 2009
172.42--dc22
2009032350
ISBN: 9780754678946 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781315579405 (ebk)
Contents
Roger Wertheimer
Michael Walzer
George R. Lucas, Jr.
Richard W. Miller
T.M. Scanlon
Jeffrey Reiman
Richard Schoonhoven
Roger Wertheimer
Roger Wertheimer
Notes on the Contributors
George R. Lucas, Jr. is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Navy and National Programs in the Vice Admiral James B. Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership at the United States Naval Academy (Annapolis, MD). He is also Visiting Professor of Ethics at the Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, CA), and Senior Research Associate in the Center for Ethics Research at the French Military Academy (Saint-Cyr). He has taught at Emory University, Georgetown University, and served as Chair of the Department of Philosophy at Santa Clara University, and also as Assistant Director in the Division of Research Programs in the National Endowment for the Humanities. He was a Fulbright Fellow in Belgium in 1989, and held a fellowship from the American Council of Learned Societies in 1983. Lucas is author of five books, over 60 journal articles, translations, and book reviews. He has also edited several collections of articles in systematic philosophy, the history of philosophy, and ethics, including Perspectives on Humanitarian Intervention (University of California, 2001), and Anthropologists in Arms: The Ethics of Military Anthropology (Alta Mira, 2009).
Richard W. Miller is Professor of Philosophy at Cornell. His writings, in social and political philosophy, ethics, epistemology, the philosophy of science and aesthetics, include many articles and four books, Analyzing Marx (1984), Fact and Method (1987), Moral Differences (1992), and Globalizing Justice (2010).
Jeffrey Reiman is the William Fraser McDowell Professor of Philosophy at American University in Washington, D.C. and is the author of In Defense of Political Philosophy (1972), Justice and Modern Moral Philosophy (1990), Critical Moral Liberalism: Theory and Practice (1997), The Death Penalty: For and Against (with Louis P. Pojman, 1998), Abortion and the Ways We Value Human Life (1999), The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison: Ideology, Class, and Criminal Justice (9th edition, 2010), and more than 60 articles in philosophy and criminal justice journals and anthologies. He is co-editor (with Paul Leighton) of the anthologies Criminal Justice Ethics (2001) and The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison: A Reader (2010).
T.M. Scanlon was educated at Princeton, Oxford, and Harvard, where he received his Ph.D. in 1968. He taught philosophy at Princeton from 1966 until 1984 and then moved to Harvard, where he is now Alford Professor of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity. Scanlon was one of the founding editors of the journal, Philosophy & Public Affairs, and most of his publications have been in moral and political philosophy. In his 1982 article, Contractualism and Utilitarianism, he defended a contractualist theory, according to which an action is morally wrong if any principle that permitted it could reasonably be rejected. This theory is further developed in his book,