This is a truly necessary book, a deeply challenging and insightful exploration of the religious and political belief systems that have made it possible for us, as a nation, to deny the humanity of millions and to build a massive penal system unprecedented in world history. It places the voices of those we have caged at the center and, in so doing, opens our minds and hearts to the transformative possibilities of education, faith, and community. This is a book to be read and shared, over and over again.
Michelle Alexander, Professor of Law, The Ohio State University, USA
In this important new book Kaia Stern takes us inside the prisons that incarcerate millions of Americans, to reveal their hardships and suffering, as well as their hopes and aspirations. By exposing us to their voices and humanizing their experience we are reminded that mass incarceration has come at a cost, not only to those who waste away behind bars, but to those of us who sit idly by and pretend it doesnt concern us. This book will be an invaluable resource for educators, policymakers, and activists who seek to create and advocate for prisons that are humane, offer genuine opportunities for rehabilitation and provide those housed within a basis for hope.
Pedro A. Noguera, Peter L. Agnew Professor of Education, New York University, USA
Our fears of those who are, or have been, incarcerated lead us to forget our common humanity. Kaia Sterns book is a phenomenal guide to understanding how an inclusive beloved community becomes possible. Voices From American Prisons points us to the path of true justice, rooted in non-violence, faith and transformative educational opportunities for those caught in our punishment system.
Leslie M. Harris, Winship Distinguished Research Professor in the Humanities, Emory University, USA
VOICES FROM AMERICAN PRISONS
Voices from American Prisons: Faith, education, and healing is a comprehensive and unique contribution to understanding the dynamics and nature of penal confinement. In this book, author Kaia Stern describes the history of punishment and prison education in the United States and proposes that specific religious and racial ideologiesnotions of sin, evil, and othernesscontinue to shape our relationship with crime and punishment through contemporary penal policy. Inspired by people who have lived, worked, and studied in US prisons, Stern invites us to rethink the current punishment crisis in the United States.
Based on in-depth interviews with people who were incarcerated, as well as extensive conversations with students, teachers, corrections staff, and prison administrators, the book introduces the voices of those who have participated in the few remaining postsecondary education programs that exist behind bars. Drawing on individual narrative and various modern-day case examples, Stern focuses on dehumanization, resistance, and community transformation. She demonstrates how prison education is essential, can provide healing, and yet is still not enough to interrupt mass incarceration. In short, this book explores the possibility of transformation from a retributive punishment system to a system of justice.
The books engaging human accounts and multidisciplinary perspective will appeal to criminologists, sociologists, historians, theologians, and scholars of education alike. Voices from American Prisons will also capture general readers who are interested in learning about a timely and often silenced reality of contemporary modern society.
Kaia Stern is Director of the Prison Studies Project and visiting faculty in the Department of Sociology at Harvard University. Kaias work focuses on transformative justice, human rights, and education in prison. She is ordained as an interfaith minister, holds a doctorate in religion from Emory University, and a Masters of theological studies from Harvard Divinity School. Kaia has been working as a student/teacher inside US prisons for the past 20 years.
VOICES FROM AMERICAN PRISONS
Faith, education, and healing
Kaia Stern
First published 2014
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2014 Kaia Stern
The right of Kaia Stern to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Stern, Kaia.
Voices from American prisons : faith, education and healing / Kaia Stern.
pages cm
1. PrisonersEducationUnited States.
2. CriminalsRehabilitationUnited States.
3. PunishmentMoral and ethical aspectsUnited States.
I. Title.
HV8883.3.U5S74 2014
365.973dc23
2013048235
ISBN: 978-0-415-81939-8 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-37457-3 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Sunrise Setting Ltd
For the purposes of this book, America refers to the United States because that is the colloquial norm, not because I am personally comfortable with the tendency towards US-centric discourse. My hope is that the voices are relevant to other contexts because the US model is being rapidly exported and adopted around the world.
To my beloved mother, Ann K. Gollin, and
To the memory of my father, Daniel N. Stern
CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS
ABE | Adult Basic Education (ABE) courses teach basic skills of reading, writing, and math to adult learners, preparing them to take the GED and transition into a job, college, or training program. |
CCU | A Closed Custody Unit (CCU) is part of the prison that constitutes a different level of security classification; it is usually separate from the general population and, in some institutions, is devoted to more severe punishment. |
CWW | Campus Within Walls (CWW) is the Southside Virginia Community Colleges postsecondary education program at Lunenburg Correctional Center, in Victoria, Virginia. |
DIN | The Department Identification Number (DIN) is the unique number given to each individual in a state prison system. |
DOC/S | Most state prison systems are referred to as either the Department of Correction (DOC) or the Department of Corrections (DOCS). |
DOCCS | In New York State, the prison system is referred to as the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision (DOCCS). |
ELL | An English language learner (ELL) is a person who is learning the English language in addition to his or her native language. |
GED | The General Educational Development (GED) test is a battery of five subject exams that certify US or Canadian high school-level academic proficiency. |