Sin City North
THE DAVID J. WEBER SERIES IN THE NEW BORDERLANDS HISTORY
Andrew R. Graybill and Benjamin H. Johnson, editors
Editorial Board
Sarah Carter
Kelly Lytle Hernandez
Paul Mapp
Cynthia Radding
Samuel Truett
The study of borderlandsplaces where different peoples meet and no one polity reigns supremeis undergoing a renaissance. The David J. Weber Series in the New Borderlands History publishes works from both established and emerging scholars that examine borderlands from the precontact era to the present. The series explores contested boundaries and the intercultural dynamics surrounding them and includes projects covering a wide range of time and space within North America and beyond, including both Atlantic and Pacific worlds.
Published with support provided by the William P. Clements Center for Southwest Studies at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas.
2015 The University of North Carolina Press
All rights reserved
Set in Miller by Westchester Publishing Services
Manufactured in the United States of America
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003.
This book is derived, in part, from the following articles by the author: Detroits Border Brothel: Sex Tourism in Windsor, Ontario, 19451960, American Review of Canadian Studies 40, no. 30 (2010): 36278, http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/02722011.2010.496905; Mainlining along the Line: Consuming Heroin in the Great Lakes Border Region, 19451960, 49th Parallel 30 (Autumn 2012): 132, http://fortyninthparalleljournal.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/2-karibo-mainlining-along-the-line.pdf; Swashbuckling Criminals and Border Bandits: Fighting Vice in North Americas Borderlands, 19451960, Histoire sociale/Social History 48, no. 95 (November 2014): 70528, http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/02722011.2010.496905.
Cover images: Woman with drink and cigarette (Courtesy of The Tony Spina Collection: Walter P. Reuther Library, Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs, Wayne State University); Detroit skyline (Courtesy of Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-15308)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Karibo, Holly M.
Sin city north : sex, drugs, and citizenship in the Detroit-Windsor borderland / Holly M. Karibo.
pages cm. (The David J. Weber series in the new borderlands history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4696-2520-1 (pbk : alk. paper)ISBN 978-1-4696-2521-8 (ebook) 1. Detroit (Mich.)Moral conditionsHistory20th century. 2. Windsor (Ont.)Moral conditionsHistory20th century. 3. Vice controlMichiganDetroitHistory20th century. 4. Vice controlOntarioWindsorHistory20th century. 5. BorderlandsUnited StatesHistory20th century. 6. BorderlandsCanadaHistory20th century. I. Title.
HN80.D6K37 2015 |
306.0971332dc23 | 2015006178 |
Contents
Tourism, Prohibition, and Border Politics before World War II
Sex Tourism in the Postwar Borderland
Building a Transnational Drug Market
Fighting Vice in the Detroit-Windsor Region
Debating Vice at the National Level
Illustrations
Detroit-Windsor skyline, ca. 1929,
Percy Cromwell cartoon, Clumsy!,
Ambassador Bridge,
Border guards questioning a border crosser,
Percy Cromwell cartoon, Heres Lookin Atcha,
Postcard, Ouellette Avenue, Windsor,
Sex workers off Hastings Street, Detroit,
Ouellette Avenue, Windsor,
Elmwood Hotel, Windsor,
Blue Water Hotel, Windsor,
Zoot suit, Detroit,
Hastings Street, predemolition,
Hastings Street during renewal construction,
Acknowledgments
This book was inspired by my own experience of crossing borders. What I thought would be a temporary move from Michigan to Ontario turned into a decade-long adventure, one that shaped my life in unexpected ways. Settling in southern Ontariorelatively close to home yet at times seemingly worlds apartI became intrigued by the borderlands relationship and the long and complicated history of migration in the Great Lakes region. This project has since brought me to the border states of Arizona and Texas, and in each new place I have been reinspired by the complex and contested meanings of borderlands. If in the following pages the border is never static, it is this very ever-shifting meaning of borderlands that has sustained my personal and intellectual interest over the span of this project.
The foundation of this project came together during my time as a graduate student at the University of Toronto. First and foremost, Id like to thank Dan Bender for his unyielding support. He encouraged me to push the boundaries of my research and to think beyond bordersnational, disciplinary, and methodological. Over the past eight years, his mentorship and advice have enabled me to grow both professionally and personally. While countless scholars provided intellectual and emotional support during the many stages of this project, I would especially like to thank Elspeth Brown, Steve Penfold, Franca Iacovetta, and Victoria Wolcott. At the University of Guelph, Norman Smith and Catherine Carstairs provided some of the earliest mentorship and inspiration that helped me get this project off the ground. My new colleagues in the Department of Social Sciences at Tarleton State University have likewise provided encouragement and intellectual engagement in the final months of the review and publication process.
I would like to thank the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Embassy in Washington, D.C., the Bentley Historical Library, the Centre for the Study of the United States, and the Department of History and School of Graduate Studies at the University of Toronto for their generous financial support. Similarly, the help of many archivists made my hunt for the illicit much more manageable and ultimately very fruitful. Id like to thank the archivists and staff at the Archives of Ontario, the Bentley Historical Library, the Windsor Municipal Archives, the Michigan State Archives, and the Washington, D.C., and Chicago branches of the National Archives and Records Administration. When I came to them in search of drugs, prostitution, and other vices, so to speak, their insight and knowledge helped me find creative ways to comb through their many collections.
I am also deeply grateful to have had the opportunity to serve as a Postdoctoral Fellow in Comparative Border Studies and the School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies at Arizona State University. My tenure there deepened my understandings of borders and borderlands, and the rich intellectual community enabled me to hone my arguments in the final stages of this book project. I would especially like to thank Matt and Desiree Garcia for their friendship, guidance, and generosity. My many discussionsand diversionswith Megan Carney, Laia Soto Bermant, and Elizabeth Cant similarly made my time in Phoenix inspiring and one that I will never forget.
I would sincerely like to thank my editors at the University of North Carolina Press. Andrew Graybill, Ben Johnson, and Chuck Grench showed their enthusiasm from the beginning and provided extremely helpful feedback throughout the review process. I am honored to be part of the David J. Weber Series and to have my work published alongside new and exciting scholarship in the field of borderlands history. The feedback I received from the anonymous reviewers enabled me to transform this project in important ways, and I am indebted to them for their detailed, insightful, and thoughtful feedback. Finally, I would like to thank Iza Wojciechowska for helping to streamline the publication process and for answering my many questions along the way.