ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS:
IRAN
THE SOVIET UNION AND THE
ARABIAN PENINSULA
THE SOVIET UNION AND THE
ARABIAN PENINSULA
Soviet Policy Towards the Persian Gulf
and Arabia
ARYEH Y. YODFAT
Volume 33
First published in 1983
This edition first published in 2011
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
1983 Aryeh Y. Yodfat
Printed and bound in Great Britain
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-57033-6 (Set)
eISBN 13: 978-0-203-83010-9 (Set)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-61057-5 (Volume 33)
eISBN 13: 978-0-203-83207-3 (Volume 33)
Publishers Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.
Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.
The Soviet Union
and the Arabian Peninsula
Soviet Policy Towards the Persian Gulf and Arabia
ARYEH Y. YODFAT
CROOM HELAM
London & Canberra
ST. MARTINS PREES
New York
1983 Aryeh Y. Yodfat
Croom Helm Ltd, Provident House, Burrell Row, Beckenham, Kent BR3 1AT
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Yodfat, Aryeh Y.
The Soviet Union and the Arabian peninsula.
1. Soviet Union Foreign relations Persian Gulf region 2. Persian Gulf region Foreign relations Soviet Union
I. Title 327.470536 DK68.7.P/
ISBN 0-7099-2904-8
All rights reserved. For information write:
St, Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010
First published in the United States of America in 1983
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Yodfat, Aryeh, 1923-
The Soviet Union and the Arabian Peninsula
1. Arabia - Foreign relations - Soviet Union.
2. Soviet Union Foreign relations Arabia. 3. Persian Gulf Region - Foreign relations - Soviet Union. 4. Soviet Union Foreign relations Persian Gulf Region. I. Title.
DS228.S65Y53 1983 327.47053 82-42717
ISBN 0-312-74907-4
Photoset by Pat Murphy Composition
296b Lymington Road, Highcliffe, Dorset
Printed and Bound in Great Britain by
Billing & Son Ltd., Worcester
PREFACE
This book attempts to review and analyze relations between the USSR and the countries of the Persian Gulf and Arabian peninsula.
Chapter 1 summarizes events from the beginning of the Soviet regime up to 1975. In Chapter 2, we review events of the years 1975-8. Chapter 3 is more detailed, and opens with a description of the impact on the Gulf region of events starting in January 1979 in Iran, with the Shahs downfall and the rise of Ayatollah Khomeyni. Chapter 4, also quite detailed, describes the situation in the region from the outbreak of the Iran-Iraq war in September 1980 until early 1982.
We have based the book mainly on primary sources of Soviet, Arab, Iranian, Western and other origins. Quotations and references are given to enable the reader to reach his own conclusions and focus attention on events and their background, both in the Gulf countries and the USSR.
The author wishes to thank the documentation centres and libraries of the Shiloah Centre for Middle Eastern and African Studies, Tel Aviv University, and of the Harry S. Truman Research Institute, Jerusalem, and their staffs, whose help has been of inestimable value.
Aryeh Y. Yodfat
ABBREVIATIONS
ADN | East German News Agency, East Berlin |
AFP | Agence France Presse, Paris |
BBC | British Broadcasting Corporation |
BNLF | Bahrain National Liberation Front |
CENTO | Central Treaty Organization |
CIA | Central Intelligence Agency, USA |
CMEA | Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (Comecon) |
CP | Communist Party |
CPSU | Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
DPK | Democratic Party of Kurdistan, Iraq (Kordestan, Iran) |
ELF | Eritrean Liberation Front |
FBIS | Foreign Broadcast Information Service, USA |
GCC | Gulf Co-operation Council |
GDR | German Democratic Republic |
ICP | Iraqi Communist Party |
IISS | International Institute for Strategic Studies, London |
INA | Iraqi News Agency, Baghdad |
IRP | Islamic Republican Party, Iran |
KGB | Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, Committee for State Security, USSR |
KUNA | Kuwait News Agency, Kuwait |
ME | Middle East |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
NDF | National Democratic Front, YAR |
NF | National Front |
NLF | National Liberation Front, PDRY |
NVOI | National Voice of Iran |
NY | New York |
OPEC | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries |
PDFLP | Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine |
PDP | Peoples Democratic Party, Afghanistan |
PDRY | Peoples Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen) |
PDU | Peoples Democratic Union, PDRY |
PFLB | Popular Front for the Liberation of Bahrain |
PFLO | Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman |
PFLOAG | Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf |
PFLP | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine |
PLO | Palestine Liberation Organization |
PNF | Progressive National Front, Iraq |
PRC | Peoples Republic of China |
PRSY | Peoples Republic of South Yemen |
PUK | Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, Iraq |
PVP | Peoples Vanguard Party, PDRY |
QNA | Qatar News Agency, Doha |
RDF | Rapid Deployment Force |