Race and Ethnicity in English Language Teaching
CRITICAL LANGUAGE AND LITERACY STUDIES
Series Editors : Professor Alastair Pennycook ( University of Technology, Sydney, Australia ) and Professor Brian Morgan ( Glendon College/York University, Toronto, Canada) and Professor Ryuko Kubota ( University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada)
Critical Language and Literacy Studies is an international series that encourages monographs directly addressing issues of power (its flows, inequities, distributions, trajectories) in a variety of language- and literacy-related realms. The aim with this series is twofold: (1) to cultivate scholarship that openly engages with social, political, and historical dimensions in language and literacy studies, and (2) to widen disciplinary horizons by encouraging new work on topics that have received little focus (see below for partial list of subject areas) and that use innovative theoretical frameworks.
Full details of all the books in this series and of all our other publications can be found on http://www.multilingual-matters.com, or by writing to Multilingual Matters, St Nicholas House, 31-34 High Street, Bristol BS1 2AW, UK.
Other books in the series
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Julia Menard-Warwick
China and English: Globalisation and the Dilemmas of Identity
Joseph Lo Bianco, Jane Orton and Gao Yihong (eds)
Language and HIV/AIDS
Christina Higgins and Bonny Norton (eds)
Hybrid Identities and Adolescent Girls: Being Half in Japan
Laurel D. Kamada
Decolonizing Literacy: Mexican Lives in the Era of Global Capitalism
Gregorio Hernandez-Zamora
Contending with Globalization in World Englishes
Mukul Saxena and Tope Omoniyi (eds)
ELT, Gender and International Development: Myths of Progress in a Neocolonial World
Roslyn Appleby
Examining Education, Media, and Dialogue under Occupation: The Case of Palestine and
Israel
Ilham Nasser, Lawrence N. Berlin and Shelley Wong (eds)
The Struggle for Legitimacy: Indigenized Englishes in Settler Schools
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Style, Identity and Literacy: English in Singapore
Christopher Stroud and Lionel Wee
Language and Mobility: Unexpected Places
Alastair Pennycook Talk, Text and Technology: Literacy and Social Practice in a Remote Indigenous Community Inge Kral
Language Learning, Gender and Desire: Japanese Women on the Move Kimie Takahashi
English and Development: Policy, Pedagogy and Globalization
Elizabeth J. Erling and Philip Seargeant (eds)
Ethnography, Superdiversity and Linguistic Landscapes: Chronicles of Complexity Jan Blommaert Power and Meaning Making in an EAP Classroom: Engaging with the Everyday
Christian W. Chun
Local Languaging, Literacy and Multilingualism in a West African Society Kasper Juffermans
English Teaching and Evangelical Mission: The Case of Lighthouse School Bill Johnston
CRITICAL LANGUAGE AND LITERACY STUDIES: 22
Race and Ethnicity in English Language Teaching
Korea in Focus
Christopher Joseph Jenks
MULTILINGUAL MATTERS
Bristol Blue Ridge Summit
DOI 10.21832/JENKS8422
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
Names: Jenks, Christopher Joseph, author.
Title: Race and Ethnicity in English Language Teaching: Korea in Focus/Christopher Joseph Jenks.
Description: Bristol, England; Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Multilingual Matters, [2017] | Series: Critical Language and Literacy Studies: 22| Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017013358 | ISBN 9781783098422 (hardcover: acid-free paper) | ISBN 9781783098415 (softcover: acid-free paper) | ISBN 9781783098439 (pdf) | ISBN 9781783098446 (epub) | ISBN 9781783098453 (kindle)
Subjects: LCSH: English languageStudy and teachingKorea (South). | English languageStudy and teachingKorean speakers. | Second language acquisitionSocial aspects. | Racism in education.
Classification: LCC PE1068.K6 J46 2017 | DDC 428.0071/05195dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017013358
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue entry for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN-13: 978-1-78309-842-2 (hbk)
ISBN-13: 978-1-78309-841-5 (pbk)
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Copyright 2017 Christopher Joseph Jenks.
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Contents
For racial minorities, racialization and racism affect their everyday life. In many parts of world, there are growing incidents of racist harassment and violence, as seen for instance in the United States after the presidential election of 2016 (Okeowo, 2016). These incidents cause long-lasting psychological and emotional damage and at times physical harm to the victims. This does not necessarily mean that all minorities suffer daily from overt bigotry, hate speech or discrimination. Yet, the visible and sensational nature of this type of racism makes people believe that racism is mainly about such cases. For liberal majoritarian people, racism in this form is outrageous and intolerable. Nonetheless, it also seems far removed from their conscience I have friends from all racial backgrounds and I work with students from all backgrounds. I dont see colour, and clearly, I am not racist.
However, this understanding of racism is misleading. Racism is not just about overt discrimination. It is also about subtle forms of microagression, which are often unintentional verbal or behavioral indignities that subtly communicate racial insults, disparagement and hostility (Sue et al ., 2007). Moreover, racism is deeply ingrained in our social structures, producing institutional inequalities. This institutional or structural racism, together with the colorblind consciousness as seen in the above claim, is characterized as racism without racists (Bonilla-Silva, 2013). The existence of institutional racism will become evident once we scrutinize the following questions: What racial background do most native English-speaking teachers have ? Who are likely to be hired, promoted and retained in schools and universities ? Who often receive distinguished recognitions, such as awards, honors and rewards ? It is clear that in many instances, racially majoritarian people predominate these privileged spaces. Because these practices and structures are so normalized, people do not usually notice the unequal power balance, until it is pointed out.
