S udan: T he R ise of C losed
D istricts N atives
Omer Shurkian
Austin Macauley Publishers
2021-02-26
Sudan: The Rise of Closed Districts Natives
About the Author
Omer Shurkian is a Sudanese who has been working relentlessly through his participation in a number of conferences within the UK and overseas to draw public attention to what is, for most outsiders, a largely unpublicised issue in world politics. He has been involved in anti-government campaigns for its horrific record on human rights violations against its opponents. With fellow Nuba people in Britain, they created and ran the UK-based Nuba Mountains Solidarity Abroad (NMSA) in the early 1990s. He served as the secretary general of NMSA and later its chairman. He was also the editor-in-chief of NAFIR, the newsletter of the Nuba people in Sudan. In December 2001, he was granted Passport to Freedom by the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, for his role in highlighting gross human rights abuses by the Sudanese regime. He is the author of War in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan (19832011): The Root Causes and Peace Settlement.
Dedication
To my late father, who once carried me on his shoulders to mountaintops, through jungle and down in valleys below to find me a school in a neighbouring village in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan. To my mother, who used to encourage me and my younger brother to pursue our studies, motivated by nothing but her motherly affection to see her children successful and prosperous in their lives, albeit she and our father had never been to school herself. To my dear wife and our three sons, I dedicate this so humble a work.
Copyright Information
Omer Shurkian (2021)
The right of Omer Shurkian to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by the author in accordance with section 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers.
Any person who commits any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
A CIP catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
ISBN 9781528946414 (Paperback)
ISBN 9781528946421 (Hardback)
ISBN 9781528971768 (ePub e-book)
www.austinmacauley.com
First Published (2021)
Austin Macauley Publishers Ltd
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Canary Wharf
London
E14 5LQ
Useful Acronyms
ADF | Allied Democratic Forces |
AFESD | Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development |
AMIS | African Union Mission in Sudan |
APF | African Peace-keeping Force |
ARB | Animal Resources Bank |
ATR | African Traditional Religions |
AU | African Union |
AUHIP | African Union High Implementation Panel |
BP | British Petroleum |
BPLM | Beni Shangul Peoples Liberation Movement |
CEAWC | Committee for the Eradication of Abduction of Women and Children |
BPLM | Beni Shangul Peoples Liberation Movement |
CMC | Church Missionary Society |
CNF | Congress of New Forces |
CNPC | China National Petroleum Corporation |
CPA | Comprehensive Peace Agreement |
CSI | Christian Solidarity International |
CSIS | Center for Strategic and International Studies |
CUSS | Council for the Unity of South Sudan |
DDPD | Doha Document for Peace in Dar Fur |
DOP | Declaration of Principles |
DPA | Dar Fur Peace Agreement |
DRA | Dar Fur Regional Authority |
DUP | Democratic Unionist Party |
EC | European Community |
ECC | Equatorial Central Committee (for redivision) |
ECU | European Currency Unit |
EEC | European Economic Community |
EIJ | Eritrean Islamic Jihad |
ELF | Eritrean Liberation Front |
ECU | European Currency Unit |
ELF-NC | Eritrean Liberation Front National Command |
EPLF | Eritrean Peoples Liberation Front |
EPRDF | Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front |
EU | European Union |
EUC | Eritrean United Council |
FACE | Friends of African Children Education |
FIS | Front Islamique du Salut (Islamic Salvation Front) |
GDP | Front Islamique du Salut (Islamic Salvation Front) |
GIA | Groupe Islamique Arm (Armed Islamic Group) |
GUN | General Union of the Nuba Mountains |
GUSNF | Front Islamique du Salut (Islamic Salvation Front) |
ICC | International Criminal Court |
ICF | Islamic Charter Front |
ICRC | International Committee of the Red Cross |
IDA | International Development Association |
IDPs | Internally Displaced Persons |
IFAD | International Fund for Agricultural Development |
IFLO | Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia |
IGAD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Development |
IGADD | Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development |
ILO | International Labour Organisation |
ILP | Islamic Liberation Party |
IMF | International Monetary Fund |
IMO | Islamic Missionary Organisation |
INEC | Interim National Executive Council |
IPF | IGAD Partners Forum |
JEM | Justice and Equality Movement |
KCC | Kenyan Council of Churches |
LCAF | Legitimate Command of the Armed Forces |
LEJI | Libyan-Egyptian Joint Initiative |
LJM | Liberation and Justice Movement |
LMMC | Livestock and Meat Marketing Corporation |
LRA | Lords Resistance Army |
MIS | Military Intelligence Service |
MOU | Memorandum of Understanding |
MSF | Mdecins Sans Frontires (Doctors Without Borders) |
MTLSS | Movement of Total Liberation of Southern Sudan |
NAM | National Action Movement |
NASC | National Alliance for the Salvation of the Country |
NCF | National Consensus Forces |
NCOs | Non-Commissioned Officers |
NCP | National Congress Party |
NDA | National Democratic Alliance |
NDFM | New Democratic Forces Movement |
NIF | National Islamic Front |
NLC | National Liberation Council |
NPA | Norwegian Peoples Aid |