Remediating Region
SOUTHERN LITERARY STUDIES
Scott Romine, Series Editor
REMEDIATING
REGION
NEW MEDIA and the U.S. SOUTH
EDITED BY
GINA CAISON, STEPHANIE ROUNTREE,
and LISA HINRICHSEN
LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS
BATON ROUGE
Published by Louisiana State University Press
lsupress.org
Copyright 2021 by Louisiana State University Press
All rights reserved. Except in the case of brief quotations used in articles or reviews, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any format or by any means without written permission of Louisiana State University Press.
Designer: Michelle A. Neustrom
Typeface: Whitman
Cover image: iStock.com/bubaone
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Names: Caison, Gina, 1980 editor. | Rountree, Stephanie, 1983 editor. | Hinrichsen, Lisa, 1977 editor.
Title: Remediating region : new media and the U.S. South / edited by Gina Caison, Stephanie Rountree, and Lisa Hinrichsen.
Description: Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, [2021] | Series: Southern literary studies | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021018584 (print) | LCCN 2021018585 (ebook) | ISBN 978-0-8071-7579-8 (cloth) | ISBN 978-0-8071-7664-1 (paperback) | ISBN 978-0-8071-7668-9 (pdf) | ISBN 978-0-8071-7669-6 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Southern StatesIn mass media. | Southern StatesCivilization. | Mass media and regionalismSouthern States. | Digital mediaUnited StatesHistory21st century.
Classification: LCC P96.S685 U674 2021 (print) | LCC P96.S685 (ebook) | DDC 302.23dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021018584
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021018585
CONTENTS
GINA CAISON, STEPHANIE ROUNTREE, AND LISA HINRICHSEN
GINA CAISON
SHERITA L. JOHNSON
DAVID A. DAVIS
PAUL FESS
LISA HINRICHSEN
MARGARET T. McGEHEE
ALEXANDRA CHIASSON
JAE SHARPE
JENNIE LIGHTWEIS-GOFF
STEPHANIE ROUNTREE
LEIGH H. EDWARDS
AUSTIN SVEDJAN
SAM McCRACKEN
JEAN-LUC PIERITE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
OUR IDEA FOR Remediating Region emerged from countless conversations, conference presentations, and classroom discussions amid our work on Small-Screen Souths: Region, Identity, and the Cultural Politics of Television (2017). Grappling with the ever-shrinking televisual screenfrom mammoth living room furniture to handheld smartphonescompelled us to think through the ways that mediated representations of the region migrate and proliferate across space and place. In a way, this collection was already in a state of emergence before our television collection was in print. It was there in August 2017 when one of our students asked whether she could write her television paper on a video game instead: Are they really that different? Well, yes. But also, no. Its complicated. And so Remediating Region was conceived thanks to these innumerable influences, too many to itemize here. We extend our deepest gratitude to our students and colleagues: all of whom have contributed in some way, whether herein these pages or more subtly over a dinner conversation or Twitter thread. As ever, we continue to be grateful for the professionalism and editorial guidance of the LSU Press team, most especially Series Editor Scott Romine and Acquisitions Editor James W. Long. We offer a special thanks to the Department of English at the University of North Georgia for granting this project the 202021 Shott Award, which funded its indexing. Most importantly, we offer thanks and apologies to our loved ones who have endured the endless glow of our screens, big and small.
NOTE ON TERMINOLOGY
EXAMINING VARIOUS MEDIA across historical periods has made us all the more aware of how language has been used to shape present realities and possible futures, both in positive and in negative ways. This process has forced us to be mindful of how we render specific language in our own work. As such, we want to clarify a few key choices for the reader. Remediating Region follows Lori L. Tharpss assessment in the New York Times that when speaking of a culture, ethnicity or group of people, the name should be capitalized. Black with a capital B refers to people of the African diaspora (The Case for Black with a Capital B, November 18, 2014). However, when we, the authors and editors, refer to stereotypes meant to dehumanize and prop up myths of Black people, we have elected to use the lower-case b in order to detach these destructive ideas from Black humanity. We have also rendered all hashtags in their accessible format using capital letters (e.g., #RemediatingRegion) to indicate separate words, even when the original post did not. Lastly, we have made every attempt to distinguish between the U.S. South as a region of the United States versus an American South, which would refer more broadly to the hemisphere rather than any single nation-state. Producing this collection has taught us that perfection across time is impossible despite our optimism and best intentions, and we do not pretend our own choices will stand the test of time in readers or even our own views. However, we have tried to create a print collection (a rather static artifact for such a dynamic topic) that respects in languageto the best of our present abilitythe future we hope to see.
Remediating Region
INTRODUCTION
New Media; New South
GINA CAISON, STEPHANIE ROUNTREE,
and LISA HINRICHSEN
THE EMERGENCE OF ANY new media form often induces a particular type of fantasy in Western discourse. This fantasy often depends upon narratives of connectivity across space and time where previously isolated communities and individuals find entre into a larger public that exists at previously unknown scales of engagement. Perhaps this new, wider world comes in the form of religious community across vast lands of an expanding empire via the written word; or, maybe it exists as an imagined national coherence induced by the spreading of daily and weekly newsprint; or, it springs forward as voices radiate into individual homes beyond an assumed metropole; or, it might appear as a global community of individuals newly connected by digital platforms and invested in the same environmental cause. In many cases, these imagined yet very real connections and communities induce at least two recurring and underlying assumptions: one, that there exists some potential for greater human connection via new media forms, and two, that these new connections across vast space will render localized, regional space a thing of the past.
More than twenty years ago, Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin cautioned against these types of breaks in the increasingly digital media landscape: like their precursors, digital media [...] will [...] function in a constant dialectic with earlier media, precisely as each earlier medium functioned when it was introduced. Classifying media as new establishes a given technology in opposition to extant social formations, rendering these formations as old and no longer desirable; this temporal logic thereby ushers in fantasies of ever-more connected, global, and egalitarian social lives.
Despite this optimism for a connected world that manages to escape its pejoratively provincial impulses, the idea of the region has stubbornly persisted. Like evolving forms of new media, evolving ideals of new and newer souths continually reemerge to leverage fantasies of social, political, and economic formations in order to constitute material conditions for humans inhabiting southern U.S. spaces and beyond. This collection asserts the compatibility of a methodology at the intersection of new media and southern studies to render visible modes of national identity formation via technologies of regional remediation. It is these very asymmetries of power within the histories of the region and media that beg for analyses that extend the conversation from the dialectic to the dialogic. The dynamisms among media, nation, and region are especially evident when tensions between old and new, material and virtual, local and national threaten the stability and sovereignty of dominant structures of public control.