Rather than conceiving human smuggling only as a business organised for criminal profit this book shows that smuggling is part of a broader trend of social transformations with the most innovative chapter being on the links between smuggling and state formation and rebellion in the context of Kurdistan. This book about smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand not only the internal structures of human smuggling but also its links to the external environment.
Ilse Van Liempt, Assistant Professor in Urban Geography and
Qualitative Research Methods in the Human Geography
Department, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
This book essentially contributes to understanding human smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean and beyond. It is inspiring how it addresses human smuggling in the context of broader (geo)political and social transformation processes at the local, regional and global level. It not only complements existing knowledge but sparks new avenues of discussion on human smuggling. A much needed perspective and a great enrichment.
Veronika Bilger, Programme Manager Research,
International Centre for Migration Policy
Development (ICMPD), Vienna, Austria
Human Smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean
The organization of human smuggling from the Middle East and Africa through Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean has become a contemporary political concern throughout Europe, receiving intense and polarized media attention. This timely book reformulates how we conceive of human smuggling, challenging popular and political conceptions of the practice in Europe.
This book proposes a new framework for examining the causes and effects of human smuggling in the Mediterranean, analysing the contingent patterns of human smuggling in the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean with a geographic focus on Turkey. Building on unique empirical material from fieldwork in Turkey and Greece, this book describes the rise of human smuggling as a practice, viewed through a framework of multiple contingencies. Uniquely, this book includes in-depth testimonies of migrants who have survived crossing the Aegean Sea and details the strategies and tactics of the facilitators who help them.
In Human Smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean, Theodore Baird puts a human face to the tragedies occurring in the Mediterranean while maintaining that contingent historical, political, economic and geographic forces have aligned to propel the practice of human smuggling forward. The book will be of interest to scholars working in migration studies, as well as scholars in the fields of sociology, criminology, law, political science, anthropology and geography.
Theodore Baird is a post-doctoral researcher in the Faculty of Law at VU Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Routledge Studies in Criminal Justice, Borders and Citizenship
Edited by
Katja Franko Aas, University of Oslo
Mary Bosworth, University of Oxford
Sharon Pickering, Monash University
Globalizing forces have had a profound impact on the nature of contemporary criminal justice and law more generally. This is evident in the increasing salience of borders and mobility in the production of illegality and social exclusion. Routledge Studies in Criminal Justice, Borders and Citizenship showcases contemporary studies that connect criminological scholarship to migration studies and explore the intellectual resonances between the two. It provides an opportunity to reflect on the theoretical and methodological challenges posed by mass mobility and its control. By doing that, it charts an intellectual space and establishes a theoretical tradition within criminology to house scholars of immigration control, race, and citizenship including those who traditionally publish either in general criminological or in anthropological, sociological, refugee studies, human rights and other publications.
Policing Non-Citizens
Leanne Weber
Crimes of Mobility
Ana Aliverti
The Securitization of Migration and Refugee Women
Alison Gerard
Asylum Seeking and the Global City
Francesco Vecchio
Human Smuggling and Border Crossings
Gabriella E. Sanchez
Fragile Migration Rights
Freedom of movement in post-Soviet Russia
Matthew Light
Sex Work, Immigration and Social Difference
Julie Ham
Human Smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean
Theodore Baird
Human Smuggling in the Eastern Mediterranean
Theodore Baird
First published 2017
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2017 Theodore Baird
The right of Theodore Baird to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 978-1-138-65635-2 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-62191-3 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Sunrise Setting Ltd, Brixham, UK
Contents
PART I
Structural sources, dynamic tensions, and hazards
PART II
Relational structures, agents, and vulnerabilities
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/t/ch as in chocolate or chimney
yumuak g (soft g)lengthens the previous vowel
i/i/short unrounded vowel sound at the front of throat, like ee in sea
//unrounded vowel at the back of the throat, similar to e in open
similar to
eu in the French s
eul or in the German schn
/y/similar to the German as in ber
//sh as in shave or ch in chivalry
The reader will notice that many of the hyperlinks to Turkish news sources are no longer active. The inactive links are due to government censorship of media in Turkey. On March 4, 2016, police raided the offices of Zaman, Todays Zaman, and Cihan news agency (each part of the Feza Media Group) after an Istanbul court placed them under state control. Protests against the take-overs turned violent. Zaman was regularly critical of the ruling AK Party, and is associated with the Gulen Movement. The take-over was reminiscent of the police raid on Koza Ipek Holding in October 2015, preceding general elections on November 1. Harsh criticisms of the take-overs have been well voiced.
