Garcea Elena A. A. - South-Eastern Mediterranean Peoples Between 130,000 and 10,000 Years Ago

Published by
Oxbow Books, Oxford

Oxbow Books and the individual authors 2010

PRINT ISBN 978-1-84217-403-6
PDF ISBN: 9781842177341
EPUB ISBN: 9781842177327
PRC ISBN: 9781842177334

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

South-eastern Mediterranean peoples between 130,000 and 10,000 years ago / edited by Elena A.A. Garcea;
contributing authors, Nick Barton ... [et al.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84217-403-6 (hardback)
1. Stone age--Africa, North. 2. Stone age--Middle East. 3. Prehistoric peoples--Africa, North. 4. Prehistoric
peoples--Middle East. 5. Hunting and gathering societies--Africa, North. 6. Hunting and gathering societies-
Middle East. 7. Africa, North--Antiquities. 8. Middle East--Antiquities. I. Garcea, Elena A. A.
GN776.A15S68 2010
930.12--dc22

2010029153

Printed and bound in Great Britain by
Short Run Press, Exeter

Contents

Elena A. A. Garcea

Jennifer R. Smith

Jean-Luc Schwenninger, Simon N. Collcutt, Nick Barton, Abdeljalil Bouzouggar, Laine Clark-Balzan, Mohamed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui, Roland Nespoulet and Andr Debnath

Elena A. A. Garcea

Elena A. A. Garcea

Pierre M. Vermeersch

Romuald Schild and Fred Wendorf

John J. Shea

Ofer Bar-Yosef and Anna Belfer-Cohen

Brian Boyd

Elena A. A. Garcea

List of Figures

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 11

List of Tables

Chapter 1

Chapter 3

Chapter 8

Notes on Contributors

Nick Barton teaches Palaeolithic archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, Oxford University where he holds a Professorship and is a fellow of Hertford College. Since 2001 he has been co-directing a programme of multi-disciplinary fieldwork and research in Morocco, principally at the site of Grotte des Pigeons at Taforalt but also at various sites in the north and along the Atlantic coast of Morocco. He is currently principal co-investigator of the RESET project concerning Human Responses to Abrupt Climatic Events in the Late Pleistocene and a Leverhulme project investigating cemeteries and sedentism in the Late Palaeolithic of North Africa. His main research interests are: early human technologies; human evolution and environmental change; artefact taphonomy and site formation processes in caves.

(Address: Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford, 36 Beaumont Street, Oxford OX1 2PG, United Kingdom. E-mail: )

Ofer Bar-Yosef (Ph.D., Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, 1970) is MacCurdy Professor of prehistoric archaeology, Harvard University since 1988, Foreign Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2001), and Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy. Since 1959, he participated in a wide range of excavations of prehistoric sites in Israel, Sinai (Egypt), Turkey, Czech Republic, Republic of Georgia, and the Peoples Republic of China. His early work added evidence for early human dispersals from Africa to Eurasia (at the site of Ubeidiya (c. 1.5 Ma) in the Jordan Valley. More recently, as a co-director of an Israeli-French-American research programme, he spent two decades in Kebara, Qafzeh, and Hayonim caves in Israel. One of his major projects was the digging and investigation of the Natufian culture, a semi-sedentary community of Terminal Pleistocene foragers in Hayonim cave. He co-directed the excavations at Netiv Hagdud, an early Neolithic settlement in the Jordan Valley. In 2004-05 he co-directed the excavations at Yuchanyan cave (Hunan Province) with J. Yuan. Currently he is involved in field programmes in Georgia and China.

(Address: Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. E-mail: )

Anna Belfer-Cohen (Ph.D., Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, 1981) is Full Professor at the Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (currently the chair). She studies lithic and bone industries as well as human relics. Her main interest lies in the domain of exploring prehistoric beginnings. Thus she has been studying the Levantine Upper Palaeolithic which represents the flourishing and spread of modern humans, as well as the change over from extractive to productive economies during the later Epipalaeolithic. She was involved in different field projects in the past, including Sinai (Egypt), Republic of Georgia and Israel. She has been and still is involved in the multidisciplinary and multinational excavation projects of Kebara and Hayonim caves in Israel and Dzudzuana cave in Georgia.

(Address: Department of Prehistory, Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel. E-mail: )

Abdeljalil Bouzouggar is a senior lecturer and the head of the Prehistory Department at the National Institute of Archaeological Sciences and Heritage (INSAP), Morocco and associate researcher at the Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute, Leipzig, Germany. His main research interests concern the prehistory in Morocco and especially the Aterian, its origin and development, lithic raw materials, lithic technology and modern behaviour. Since 2000 he has been conducting fieldworks in different places in Morocco: Grotte des Pigeons at Taforalt, Rhafas Cave, Ghar Cahal, and Dar es Soltan I. He teaches Middle Stone Age/Later Stone Age transition and Later Stone Age archaeology at INSAP and the University of Rabat.

(Address: Institut National des Sciences de lArchologie et du Patrimoine, Hay Riad, Madinat Al Irfane, Angle rues 5 et 7, Rabat-Instituts, 10 000 Rabat, Morocco. E-mail: )

Brian Boyd is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Anthropology and Project Co-ordinator of the Center for Archaeology at Columbia University, New York. He was previously Lecturer in Archaeology at the University of Wales Lampeter, U.K. He writes about archaeological theory, human-animal relations and the prehistoric archaeology of the Levant, particularly the later Epipalaeolithic. He has published numerous articles on these topics, and his first book is entitled Beyond Bones: Towards a Social Archaeology of Human-Animal Relations (Cambridge University Press).

)

Laine Clark-Balzan is a DPhil research student at the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford. She has a particular interest in the dating of Aterian sites by optically stimulated luminescence, the use of Bayesian modeling for constructing chronological sequences and the application of these techniques for studying the dispersal of modern Homo sapiens.

(Address: Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom. E-mail: )

Simon N. Collcutt is Managing Director of Oxford Archaeological Associates Limited and an Honorary Research Associate at the Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford. His main research interests lie in Quaternary contextual archaeology, lithostratigraphy and geoarchaeology, especially in respect of karstic sequences, fossil littoral marine deposits and Pleistocene fluvial associations. His study material has included sites in the United Kingdom, the Irish Republic, Belgium, France, Spain, Gibraltar and, since 2001, various caves in Morocco.