Kingsberg - Moral nation : modern Japan and narcotics in global history

University of California Press

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University of California Press

Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

University of California Press, Ltd.

London, England

2014 by The Regents of the University of California

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Kingsberg, Miriam, 1981.

Moral nation : modern Japan and narcotics in global history / Miriam Kingsberg.

pagescm (Asia: Local Studies / Global Themes, 29)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-520-27673-4 (cloth : alk. paper)

ISBN 978-0-520-95748-0 (e-book)

1. Drug abuseSocial aspectsJapanHistory.2. Drug trafficJapanHistory.3. JapanMoral conditions.4. JapanCivilization1868I. Title.

HV5840.J3K562013

362.2930952dc232013031720

Manufactured in the United States of America

21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Natures Natural, a fiber that contains 30% post-consumer waste and meets the minimum requirements of ANSI / NISO Z 39.48-1992 ( R 1997) ( Permanence of Paper ).

ASIA: LOCAL STUDIES/GLOBAL THEMES

Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom, Kren Wigen, and Hue-Tam Ho Tai, Editors

1. Bicycle Citizens: The Political World of the Japanese Housewife,

by Robin M. LeBlanc

2. The Nanjing Massacre in History and Historiography,

edited by Joshua A. Fogel

3. The Country of Memory: Remaking the Past in Late Socialist Vietnam,

by Hue-Tam Ho Tai

4. Chinese Femininities/Chinese Masculinities: A Reader,

edited by Susan Brownell and Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom

5. Chinese Visions of Family and State, 19151953 ,

by Susan L. Glosser

6. An Artistic Exile: A Life of Feng Zikai (18981975),

by Geremie R. Barm

7. Mapping Early Modern Japan: Space, Place, and Culture in the Tokugawa Period, 16031868,

by Marcia Yonemoto

8. Republican Beijing: The City and Its Histories,

by Madeleine Yue Dong

9. Hygienic Modernity: Meanings of Health and Disease in Treaty-Port China,

by Ruth Rogaski

10. Marrow of the Nation: A History of Sport and Physical Culture in Republican China,

by Andrew D. Morris

11. Vicarious Language: Gender and Linguistic Modernity in Japan,

by Miyako Inoue

12. Japan in Print: Information and Nation in the Early Modern Period,

by Mary Elizabeth Berry

13. Millennial Monsters: Japanese Toys and the Global Imagination,

by Anne Allison

14. After the Massacre: Commemoration and Consolation in Ha My and My Lai,

by Heonik Kwon

15. Tears from Iron: Cultural Responses to Famine in Nineteenth-Century China,

by Kathryn Edgerton-Tarpley

16. Speaking to History: The Story of King Goujian in Twentieth-Century China,

by Paul A. Cohen

17. A Malleable Map: Geographies of Restoration in Central Japan, 16001912,

by Kren Wigen

18. Coming to Terms with the Nation: Ethnic Classification in Modern China,

by Thomas S. Mullaney

19. Fabricating Consumers: The Sewing Machine in Modern Japan,

by Andrew Gordon

20. Recreating Japanese Men,

edited by Sabine Frhstck and Anne Walthall

21. Selling Women: Prostitution, Markets, and the Household in Early Modern Japan,

by Amy Stanley

22. Imaging Disaster: Tokyo and the Visual Culture of Japans Great Earthquake of 1923 ,

by Gennifer Weisenfeld

23. Taiko Boom: Japanese Drumming in Place and Motion,

by Shawn Bender

24. Anyuan: Mining Chinas Revolutionary Tradition,

by Elizabeth J. Perry

25. Mabiki: Infanticide and Population Growth in Eastern Japan, 16601950,

by Fabian Drixler

26. The Missionarys Curse and Other Tales from a Chinese Catholic Village,

by Henrietta Harrison

27. The Nature of the Beasts: Empire and Exhibition at the Tokyo Imperial Zoo,

by Ian Jared Miller

28. Go Nation: Chinese Masculinities and the Game of Weiqi in China,

by Marc L. Moskowitz

29. Moral Nation: Modern Japan and Narcotics in Global History,

by Miriam Kingsberg

To my family

CONTENTS

ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURES

MAP

TABLES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I have long anticipated publicly thanking the people who have made it possible for me to write this book. At Berkeley, where I was fortunate to receive my graduate training, Andrew Barshay supervised this project in its early stages and facilitated my development as an independent researcher. Wen-hsin Yeh made me welcome in the China field; Steve Vogel, in social science. No one is more responsible for teaching me how to think, write, and be in the academic profession than Mary Elizabeth Berry. The critical interlocutor inside my head speaks in her voice.

In Japan, Nakami Tatsuo, Enatsu Yoshiki, Kat Kiyofumi, and Matsushige Mitsuhiro opened many doors for me. During my year in China, Zhang Fuhe and Yamamoto Y assisted me with archival materials and navigating the research landscape in Beijing, Dalian, and Shenyang. Meg Rithmire became a lifelong friend during many trips around Dongbei, some fruitful, others simply freezing. I am also grateful for her assistance and companionship during my time in Cambridge. A two-year appointment to the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies allowed me to completely reimagine this project. Jorge Domnguez, Kathleen Hoover, Larry Winnie, and above all Elizabeth McGuire helped me to enjoy as well as endure the process. The Academy also supported a one-day workshop on my manuscript, attended by the late Barbara Brooks, David Courtright, Frank Diktter, Andy Gordon, Arthur Kleinman, and Bob Tadashi Wakabayashi. I particularly thank David for sharing his expertise in global drug studies, and Bob for saving me from embarrassing errors of language and fact. Frank strongly supported the publication of this book. I was not able to incorporate all his suggestions into the final version, but he, David Ambaras, and an anonymous reviewer at the University of California Press gave me much to consider at the end of my revisions.