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Nigel Dower discusses the nature of world ethics by identifying different ways of thinking about ethics and includes a survey of different ways of thinking ethically about international and global relations. He also considers several theories of world ethics in the context of various specific issues such as war and peace, world poverty, the environment and the United Nations.
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World Ethics : The New Agenda Edinburgh Studies in World Ethics
author
:
Dower, Nigel.
publisher
:
Edinburgh University Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0748608249
print isbn13
:
9780748608249
ebook isbn13
:
9780585069999
language
:
English
subject
Ethics.
publication date
:
1998
lcc
:
BJ170.D69 1998eb
ddc
:
170
subject
:
Ethics.
Page i
World Ethics
Page ii
EDINBURGH STUDIES IN WORLD ETHICS
Other titles in the series:
The Ethics of the Global Environment Robin Attfield
Ethics, Economics and International Relations Peter Brown
Development Ethics Des Gasper
Page iii
World Ethics
The New Agenda
Nigel Dower
EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS
Page iv
Nigel Dower, 1998
Edinburgh University Press 22 George Square, Edinburgh
Typeset in Times by Koinonia, and printed and bound in Great Britain by The Cromwell Press, Trowbridge, Wilts
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 0 7486 0824 9
The right of Nigel Dower to be identified as author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Page v
CONTENTS
Preface
vii
1 Introduction
1
Part I Theories
2 World Ethics: An Ethical Taxonomy
17
3 International and Global Scepticism
27
4 Internationalism and Communitarianism
49
5 Cosmopolitan Theories
71
6 Cosmopolitanism and Community
92
Part II Applications
7 Peace and War
115
8 Aid, Trade and Development
137
9 The Environment
158
10 Which Way Forward? Globalisation, Global Governanceand Global Ethics
178
Bibliography
198
Index
207
Page vii
PREFACE
A word about the origins of this book might be helpful. In the 1970s I became involved through the World Development Movement in aid and trade issues and this led to an interest in environmental problems as well as an involvement in the United Nations Association. By the beginning of the 1980s I felt the need to relate my philosophical interest in ethics to these practical concerns and this resulted in 1983 in a book entitled World Poverty Challenge and Response. At that time an interest emerged amongst students, first in the Philosophy Department and later in the Politics and International Relations Department too, and this resulted in an honours course on 'ethics and international relations' which has run most years since then. This book is partly based on ideas and arguments used in that course. It is also an attempt to draw on materials which have appeared in various articles and chapters which have appeared mainly in the last ten years.
With this background it will be no surprise that this work is at one level a work of advocacy a recommendation that we take seriously the idea of being world citizens and that we need to look critically at the dominant assumptions about the role and norms of the nation-state. It does not however attempt to give detailed prescriptions about particular cases, but rather sets out the case for an attitude or approach. This approach can be summed up as 'solidarity, pluralism and the way of peace': solidarity as responsibility for the well-being of fellow human beings generally, pluralism as the need to accept within limits diversity over the ways individuals and peoples understand the good, and the way of peace as the generally preferred way of tackling issues and conflicts, both intellectual and practical. Perhaps my belief in social responsibility, tolerance and the way of peace reflects my Quaker ideal of 'answering that of God in everyone', but I should stress that the kinds of arguments used are equally accessible to those with or without religious faith.
The advocacy of a form of cosmopolitanism is however for the most part very much in the background. The main purpose of the work is to set
Page viii
out as clearly as possible the various positions and the arguments for them which can be adopted towards the ethics of the relations of states and more generally ethical relations between people worldwide. This is important for two reasons: because the issues are important in themselves and contribute to the central issues in ethics, and because it is only if we uncover and understand the different starting points that we can appreciate why so often different groups come out with such different views about issues of foreign policy and so on.
This book then is an exercise in philosophical ethics. Although no doubt readers with some background knowledge of or interest in ethics will find it more immediately accessible, it is written in such a way that it should make sense to students who have not studied ethics as a course before and to the general reader with some interest in theoretical reflection. In a way it provides a rather unusual introduction to many of the central issues of ethics. Although it is a textbook, it is not merely an exposition of familiar material. Indeed one of its distinctive features is the attempt to organise ideas and arguments in a somewhat unfamiliar way. It is not a textbook in international relations, and a student wanting basic factual information about international relations or the dominant non-normative theories of international relations, must look elsewhere. Nor is it an attempt either to describe the present state of the world or to predict how the future will go. Many important books like Hutton's
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