Singh Jaswant - Conflict and diplomacy : US and the birth of Bangladesh, Pakistan divides

CONFLICT AND DIPLOMACY

US and the Birth of Bangladesh

Pakistan Divides

Copyright Jaswant Singh and S.P. Bhatia 2008

Published 2008 by

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'In war time no soldier is free to say what he thinks; after a war no one cares what a soldier thinks.'

G ENERAL S IR I AN H AMILTON ,

Dispatches from the Dardenelles

Bhutto, Zulfiqar Ali, Chairman of the Pakistan People's Party; Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister, 7-19 December 1971; thereafter President, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Minister of Defense of Pakistan

Blood, Archer K., Consul General in Dacca until June 1971

Bowles, Chester, Ambassador to India until April 1969

Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

Bush, George H. W., Republican Congressman from Texas until January 1971; Permanent Representative to the United Nations, February 1971-January 1973

Conally, John B., Jr., Secretary of Treasury, February 1971-May 1972

De Palma, Samuel, Assistant Secretary of State for International Organisation Affairs

Douglas Home, Sir Alec, British Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs from June 1970

Edward, British Prime Minister from June 1970

Farland, Joseph S., Ambassador to Pakistan, September 1969-April 1972

Gandhi, Indira, Prime Minister of India from 1966-1970; thereafter from 1980-1984

Giri, Varahagiri Venkata, Vice President of India until 3 May 1969; Acting President, 3 May-29 July 1969; President from 20 August 1969.

Haig, General Alexander M., Jr., Senior Military Adviser to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, January 1969-June 1970; Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, June 1970-January 1973

Haksar, Parmeshwar Narain, Secretary to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi

Haq, Major General Inam-ul, Director General, Defense Procurement, Pakistan Ministry of Defense Helms, Richard M., Director of Central Intelligence until February 1973

Huang Hua, Permanent Representative of the People's Republic of China to the United Nations

Irwin, John N., II, Under Secretary of State, September 1970 -July 1972; thereafter, Deputy Secretary of State

Jha, Lakshmi Kant, Governor of the Reserve Bank of India until May 1970; thereafter, Indian Ambassador to the United States

Johnson, U. Alexis, Secretary of State for Political Affairs from February 1969 Keating, Kenneth B., Ambassador to India, May 1969July 1972

Kellogg, Francis L., Special Assistant to the Secretary of State for Refugee and Migration Affairs from January 1971; Chairman of the Interagency Committee on Pakistani Refugee Relief

Khan, Lieutenant General Tikka, Martial Law Administrator and Governor of East Pakistan, February-September 1971; Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army from March 1972

Kissinger, Henry A., Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs 1969

Kosygin, Aleksei N., Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union

MacDonald, Donald G., Assistant Administrator for Near East and South Asia, Agency for International Development

Manekshaw, General Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji, Chief of Staff of the Indian Army

Moorer, Admiral Thomas H., USN, Chief of Naval Operations until July 1970; thereafter Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Nixon, Richard M., President of the United States

Noyes, James H., Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs

Packard, David, Deputy Secretary of Defense from January 1969

Rahman, Sheikh Mujibur (Mujib), President of the Awami League; Prime Minister and Minister of Defense of Bangladesh from January 1972

Ram, Jagjivan, Indian Minister of Defense from June 1970

Rasgotra, Maharajakrishna, Minister for Political Affairs of the Indian Embassy in the United States

Raza, Major General Nawabzada Agha Mohammad, Pakistani Ambassador to the United States, November 1971-April 1972

Rogers, William P., Secretary of State, January 1969-September 1973

Scali, John, Special Consultant to the President, January 1971-January 1973

Selden, Armistead, I., Jr., Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs

Shultz, George P., Secretary of Labor, January 1969-June 1970; first Director of the Office of Management and Budget, June 1970-May 1972

Singh, Swaran, Indian Minister of Defense until June 1970; thereafter, Minister of External Affairs

Sisco, Joseph J., Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs until February 1969; thereafter, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs; Chairman of the NSC Interdepartmental Group for the Near East and South Asia

Spivack, Herbert D., Consul General in Dacca, June 1971-September 1972

Stans, Maurice, Secretary of Commerce, January 1969-January 1972

Thant, U, Secretary-General of the United Nations until December 1971

Van Hollen, Christopher, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, May 1969-September 1972; thereafter, Ambassador to Sri Lanka

Vorontsov, Yuli M., Minister of the Soviet Embassy in the United States

Williams, Maurice J., Deputy Administrator, Agency for International Development; Chairman of Interdepartmental Working Group on East Pakistan Disaster Relief

Westmoreland, General, Commander of 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team in Korean War

Yahya Khan, General Agha Mohammad, Chief Martial Law Administrator, President, Minister of Defense, and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan, March 1969-December 1971

Ziegler, Ronald L., Press Secretary to the President, January 1969-January 1973