IMAGES OF THE MOTHER OF GOD
To the memory of Nicolas Oikonomides
Images of the Mother of God
Perceptions of the Theotokos in Byzantium
Edited by Maria Vassilaki
First published 2005 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2016 by Routledge
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Copyright 2005 The contributors
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Images of the Mother of God: perceptions of the Theotokos in Byzantium
1. Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint Art 2. Icons, Byzantine 3. Byzantine Empire Religion
I. Vassilaki, Maria
704.9'4855'09495'0902
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Images of the Mother of God: perceptions of the Theotokos in Byzantium / edited by Maria Vassilaki.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-754-63603-8 (alk. paper)
1. Mary, Blessed Virgin, SaintDevotion toByzantine EmpireCongress. 2. Byzantine EmpireReligious life and customsCongress. I. Vassilaki, Maria. II. Title.
BT652.B99145 2004
232.91dc22
2004000031
ISBN 9780754636038 (hbk)
Typeset in Garamond by Bookcraft Ltd, Stroud, Gloucestershire.
Colour plates
- between the Introduction and Part I
- 2 Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' - 3a Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' (detail) - 3b Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' (detail) - 5 Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana.
Rebecca giving birth (late 11th c.) - 7 Mt Athos, Holy Monastery of Iveron.
Icon of the Virgin 'Portaitissa' - 9 Turkey, Aphrodisias, wall painting at the theatre.
St Michael (6th c.) - 12a Ohrid, church of St Clement (the Virgin Peribleptos).
Two-sided icon: front side, the Virgin Hodegetria - 12b Ohrid, church of St Clement (the Virgin Peribleptos).
Two-sided icon: back side, the Crucifixion - 13 Cyprus, Paphos, Enkleistra of St Neophytos (late 12th c.).
St Stephen the Younger holding the icon of the Virgin - 15 Mistra, church of the Hodegetria (Aphendiko).
The Virgin Zoodochos Pege - 18b Mt Athos, Pantokrator monastery.
Detail from a two-sided icon of the Virgin and Child - 20 Washington, National Gallery of Art.
Enthroned Madonna and Child (13th c.) - 22 Calabria, Polistena, parish church.
Panel of the Madonna dell'Itria (c. 1530)
Black and white illustrations
- 2.3 Dendera, Temple Complex of Hathor. Mammisi (Birth House) of Nero and Trajan (c. 1st - early 2nd c.).
General view of the south-west side - 3.5 Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' - 3.6 Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' (detail) - 3.7 Rome, S. Maria Maggiore, Cappella Paolina.
The Virgin 'Salus Populi Romani' (detail) - 3.8 Rome, S. Maria in Trastevere, Cappella Altemps.
The Madonna della Clemenza - 3.9 Rome, S. Maria del Rosario, Monte Mario.
The Madonna Advocata - 4.1 Nicaea (Iznik), Koimesis church. Apse mosaic.
Standing Theotokos (late 7th, 8th and 9th c.) - 4.2 Nicaea (Iznik), Koimesis church. Mosaic in the bema.
Angels (late 7th and 9th c.) - 4.3 Nicaea (Iznik), Koimesis church. Mosaic in the bema.
Angels (late 7th and 9th c.) - 4.4 Nicaea (Iznik), Koimesis church. Mosaic in the bema.
Hetoimasia (late 7th c.) - 8.1 Constantinople, Hagia Sophia, the apse mosaic.
The Virgin enthroned with Christ-child - 9.2 Moscow, Tretyakov Gallery.
Icon of the Virgin of Vladimir (12th c.) - 9.3 Nerezi, Church of St Panteleemon.
Fresco of the scene of the Threnos (1164) - 9.5 Rome, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana.
Rebecca giving Birth (late 11th c.) - 9.6 St Petersburg, The State Hermitage Museum.
Ivory diptych with the Crucifixion and the Koimesis (12th c.) - 9.9 Mt Sinai, Monastery of St Catherine.
Icon of the Virgin and Child (detail) (mid-12th c.) - 10.1 Cyprus, Lagoudera, church of the Virgin Arakiotissa, view of the south wall. Upper register: Dormition of the Virgin.
Lower register: Virgin and Child and Archangel Michael - 10.3 Mt Sinai, Monastery of St Catherine.
Miniature with the Dormition of the Virgin - 10.4 Mt Sinai, Monastery of St Catherine.
Icon with the Dormition of the Virgin - 10.5 Mt Sinai, Monastery of St Catherine.
Icon with the Dormition of the Virgin - 10.8 Cyprus, Lagoudera, church of the Virgin Arakiotissa.
The Annunciation; the Virgin (detail) - 10.9 Kastoria, church of the Virgin Mavriotissa.
Icon with the Dormition of the Virgin - 11.1 Mt Athos, Holy Monastery of Iveron.
Icon of the Virgin 'Portaitissa' - 13.3 Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Collection.
Gold reliquary cross (9th-11th c.) - 13.4 Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Collection.
Bronze votive cross (7th c.) - 13.6 Paris, Bibliothque nationale, Cabinet des mdailles.
Gold ring (7th c.) - 13.9 Cambridge, Massachusetts, Fogg Art Museum (on loan to Dumbarton Oaks Collection).
Seal of the Sebaste Irene Synadene (12th c.) - 13.10 Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Collection.
Bronze cross (6th-7th c.) - 14.1 Mt Sinai, Monastery of St Catherine.
Icon of the Virgin and Child between Archangels accompanied by two Saints (6th c.) - 14.2 Turkey, Aphrodisias, wall painting at the theatre.
St Michael (6th c.) - 15.1 Paris, Bibliothque nationale. Zoe's lead seal.
Annunciation and inscription (11th c.) - 16.2 Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum. Silver armband.
Virgin and Child - 16.3 Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Collection.
Gold marriage ring. Christ and the Virgin between the groom and the bride - 16.5 London, British Museum. Tapestry-woven medallion.
The Adoration of the Magi - 16.6 New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Tapestry-woven medallion. Scenes from the life of Joseph - 16.7 Pore, Basilica of Eufrasius. Apse mosaic.
The Virgin and Child with bishop Eufrasius and the child Eufrasius (detail) - 17.1 Arta, Blacherna monastery.
Tuesday ceremony with the Hodegetria - 17.2 Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Seal.
Pre-iconoclast visual type of the Virgin (7th c.) - 17.3 Cambridge, Massachusetts, Fogg Art Museum (on loan to Dumbarton Oaks Collection).
Seal, showing the Hodegetria type identified with the name Nikopoios (second half of the 11th c.)