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Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner - Lessons on Synthetic Bioarchitectures

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Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner Lessons on Synthetic Bioarchitectures

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Learning Materials in Biosciences Learning Materials in Biosciences textbooks - photo 1
Learning Materials in Biosciences

Learning Materials in Biosciences textbooks compactly and concisely discuss a specific biological, biomedical, biochemical, bioengineering or cell biologic topic. The textbooks in this series are based on lectures for upper-level undergraduates, masters and graduate students, presented and written by authoritative figures in the field at leading universities around the globe.

The titles are organized to guide the reader to a deeper understanding of the concepts covered.

Each textbook provides readers with fundamental insights into the subject and prepares them to independently pursue further thinking and research on the topic. Colored figures, step-by-step protocols and take-home messages offer an accessible approach to learning and understanding.

In addition to being designed to benefit students, Learning Materials textbooks represent a valuable tool for lecturers and teachers, helping them to prepare their own respective coursework.

More information about this series at http://www.springernature.com/series/15430

Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner and Cherng-Wen Darren Tan
Lessons on Synthetic Bioarchitectures Interaction of Living Matter with Synthetic Structural Analogues
Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures University - photo 2
Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner
Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Cherng-Wen Darren Tan
Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
ISSN 2509-6125 e-ISSN 2509-6133
Learning Materials in Biosciences
ISBN 978-3-319-73122-3 e-ISBN 978-3-319-73123-0
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73123-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017964085
Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Printed on acid-free paper

This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature

The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG

The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Contents
Springer International Publishing AG 2018
Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner and Cherng-Wen Darren Tan Lessons on Synthetic Bioarchitectures Learning Materials in Biosciences https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73123-0_1
1. Introduction
Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser-Sinner
(1)
Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
1.1
1.2
Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

1.1 Long-Term Vision and Objectives

The objective of synthetic bioarchitectures as a field of research cannot be confined yet as it belongs to the converging sciences, still emerging; however, let us foresee one of the most relevant objectives of this field: the communication of life with synthetic matter.

What can we learn by talking to nature in the language of molecules? We can interfere with biological pathways in a much more compatible format than has ever been possible before.

For example, thinking about chemotherapy we might apply the German saying: den Teufel mit dem Beelzebub austreibenwhich means that chemotherapy is about trading off: lacking specific tumor markers results in the attempt to stop proliferation in general and the result appears as treating bad with similar bad: we kill various cells in the course of chemotherapy and eventually we succeed by hitting cancerous cells harder than benign tissue. The side effects are of course enormous and undesired.

But imagine a novel way to address such cancerous tissue. What a difference it would make if by means of synthetic biologynamely, bottom-up approacheswe were able to synthesize communicators, talking only to the desired cells without toxifying themrather, convincing them to get back into the healthy regulated routines of benign tissue. It still sounds nave; however, we have come a long way in understanding biological architectures (Fig. ).
Fig 11 Cartoon of a eukaryotic cell with a graphic inset of an artificial - photo 3
Fig. 1.1

Cartoon of a (eukaryotic) cell with a graphic inset of an artificial bioarchitecturenamely a membrane protein, which might interfere with a diseased cell. This desired artificial assembly is available in vitro, made by the ribosomal complex with all the compounds needed (translocon machinery, chaperones, etc.) and energetic boundary conditions involved; however, instead of targeting the endoplasmic reticulum, as an example, colloidal membrane architecture can be addressed (e.g., membrane disks). On the other side of the cartoon, the whole organism is depicted, represented by two mice, eventually being cured by the introduction of such synthetic assemblies

We like to present, as an example, clinically relevant membrane proteins as such communicators, which are integrated into biocompatible polymeric islands as shuttle systems. Such orthogonal therapies would allow restoration of function at endogenous receptor levels. However, biofunctionalized surfaces, biohybrids, and novel gene-coding strategies point in the very same direction: bioarchitectures as novel approaches in communication with nature. Such fundamentally novel materials will be highly attractive for the pharmaceutical industry and molecular medicine. We present such pioneering technologies, which provide great opportunities for developing next-generation protein therapies in order to address fatal membrane proteinrelated diseases (Figs. ).
Fig 12 As time will tell eventually synthetic bioarchitectures will be - photo 4
Fig. 1.2

As time will tell, eventually, synthetic bioarchitectures will be targeted by scientists as novel therapeutics. (Composition images courtesy of D. Miklavcic, Ljubljana University, Slovenia; Tarek Mounir, CNRS, France; Ute Reuning, Technische Universitt Mnchen, Germany)

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