Christianity in Roman Africa
Christianity in Roman Africa
The Development of Its Practices and Beliefs
J. Patout Burns Jr. & Robin M. Jensen
In collaboration with
Graeme W. Clarke
Susan T. Stevens
William Tabbernee
Maureen A. Tilley
W ILLIAM B . E ERDMANS P UBLISHING C OMPANY
G RAND R APIDS, M ICHIGAN / C AMBRIDGE, U . K .
2014 J. Patout Burns Jr. and Robin M. Jensen
All rights reserved
Published 2014 by
Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
2140 Oak Industrial Drive N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49505 /
P.O. Box 163, Cambridge CB3 9PU U.K.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Christianity in Roman Africa: the development of its practices and beliefs /
J. Patout Burns Jr. & Robin M. Jensen; in collaboration with Graeme W. Clarke,
Susan T. Stevens, William Tabbernee, Maureen A. Tilley.
pages cm
Includes .
ISBN 978-0-8028-6931-9 (cloth: alk. paper); 978-1-4674-4037-0 (ePub); 978-1-4674-3995-4 (Kindle)
1. Africa Church history.
2. Church history Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600.
I. Jensen, Robin Margaret, 1952
BR190.C49 2014
276.101 dc23
2013038812
www.eerdmans.com
Contents
Unless otherwise noted, all photos are by the authors
Basilicas, Baptisteries, and Shrines
Ammaedara (Haidra), Melleus basilica
Ammaedara (Haidra), Melleus basilica (Plan after Baratte and Duval [1974], p. 51, fig. 19. Drawn by E. Brown)
Ammaedara (Haidra), tomb inscription of Cresconia, from nave, Melleus basilica
Ammaedara (Haidra), detail of reliquary emplacement in nave, Melleus basilica
Belalis Maior, basilica I, phase II, baptismal font
Belalis Maior, basilica I, phase II (Plan after Lassus [1970a], p. 222, fig. 2. Drawn by E. Brown)
Belalis Maior, basilica II (cathedral?), phase II, baptismal font
Bennafa (La Skhira), mosaic pavement from baptistery, near Gabs, Tunisia, now in the Sfax Archaeological Museum
Bennafa (La Skhira), mosaic pavement from baptistery, near Gabs, Tunisia, now in the Sfax Archaeological Museum
Bulla Regia double church (basilica I) looking toward apse
Bulla Regia double church (Plan after N. Duval [1989], p. 356, fig. 5. Drawn by E. Brown)
Bulla Regia double church, baptismal font
Bulla Regia, baptismal font steps
Carthage
Carthage, Roman amphitheater
Carthage, site of Damous el Karita
Carthage, Damous el Karita (Plan developed from N. Duval [1972], p. 1112, fig. 17. Drawn by E. Brown)
Carthage, Damous el Karita, round monument
Carthage, Carthagenna basilica (Plan after L. Ennabli [1997], p. 65, fig. 18. Drawn by E. Brown)
Carthage, site of Carthagenna basilica, showing baptistery wall
Carthage, Basilica Maiorum (Plan after L. Ennabli [1997], p. 133, fig. 82. Drawn by E. Brown)
Carthage, inscription from Basilica Maiorum, now in the Carthage Museum
Carthage, site of St. Monica basilica
Carthage, St. Monica basilica (Plan after L. Ennabli [1997], p. 130, fig. 80. Drawn by E. Brown)
Carthage, chapel of Asterius, floor mosaic
Carthage, overview of Dermech I basilica
Carthage, Dermech I basilica (Plan after Gauckler [1892-1904], pl. 5. Drawn by E. Brown)
Carthage, baptistery at Dermech I basilica
Carthage, Bir Ftouha basilica (Plan drawn by B. Dayhoff and reproduced with permission from S. T. Stevens, A. V. Kalinowski, and H. vanderLeest, Bir Ftouha: A Pilgrimage Church Complex at Carthage [2005], p. 38, fig. 2.2)
Carthage, mosaic from Bir Ftouha basilica, now in the Bardo Museum, Tunis
Carthage, mosaic for Perpetua, Stephen, and Companions (from the chapel of the monastery of St. Stephen), now in the Bardo Museum, Tunis
Castellum Tidditanorum (Tiddis), baptistery I
Castellum Tidditanorum (Tiddis), baptistery II
Castellum Tingitanum (Orlansville)
Castellum Tingitanum (Chlef, Orlansville), approximate plan of basilica (Plan after N. Duval and Fevrier, 1972], p. 24, fig. 6. Drawn by E. Brown)
Castellum Tingitanum, Reparatus epitaph in counter-apse (After drawing reproduced in Gui et al. [1992], pl. 16.2. Drawn by E. Brown)
Castellum Tingitanum, altar mosaic (After drawing reproduced in Gui et al. [1992], pl. 15.2. Drawn by E. Brown)
Castellum Tingitanum, labyrinth mosaic, now in the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart, Algiers (Photo: Annewies van den Hoek. Used with permission)
Beni Rached (near Castellum Tingitanum) mosaic, Pax Aeclesia Catolice Semper
Clipea (Klibia), baptismal font, now in the Bardo Museum, Tunis
Clipea (Klibia), baptismal font, detail of base with Christogram
Cuicul (Djmila), double churches, episcopal complex (Plan after Lassus [1970a], p. 226, fig. 4. Drawn by R. Bockmann)
Cuicul (Djmila), baptismal font
Cuicul (Djmila), double churches with baptistery in background
Cuicul (Djmila), ambulatory, baptistery
Cuicul (Djmila), detail, pavement mosaic in baptistery
Cuicul (Djmila), bath next to baptistery
Djebel Oust, baptismal font
El-Kantara, Isle of Djerba (Meninx), baptismal font, now in the Bardo Museum, Tunis
Hippo Regius
Hippo Regius, basilica overview
Hippo Regius, basilica detail with cistern in foreground
Hippo Regius, basilica (Plan after Bizot, in Delestre [2005], p. 199. Drawn by R. Bockmann)
Hippo Regius basilica, axonometric drawing of Hippo basilica complex (After Marec [1958], p. 131, fig. 19, with modifications suggested by authors. Drawn by E. Brown)
Hippo Regius, detail, area of cathedra
Hippo Regius, trefoil building
Hippo Regius, detail, baptistery
Hippo Regius, detail, baptismal font
Iomnium (Tigzirt), baptismal font (Photo: Michael Flecky, S.J. Used with permission)
Lepti Minus (Lamta), mosaic pavement from baptistery, now in the Lamta Museum
Mactaris (Maktar), Hildegun basilica
Mactaris (Maktar), baptismal font, Hildegun basilica
Mactaris (Maktar), Thermes basilica
Musti, baptistery and font (with church apse)
Naro (Hammam Lif), baptismal font (After drawing by Gsell, fol. xxi, no. 5, in Berry [1976], p. 47. Drawn by E. Brown)
Sidi Jdidi (Asadi), baptistery (Photo: Nathan Dennis. Used with permission)
Sufetula (Sbeitla)
Sufetula (Sbeitla) Forum at site of Sufetula (Sbeitla), Tunisia
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Bellator basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Jucundus chapel, adjacent Bellator basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Bellator basilica, phase II (Plan after Duval and Baratte [1973], p. 38, fig. 22b. Drawn by E. Brown)
Sufetula (Sbeitla), ecclesial complex (After Duval and Baratte [1973], p. 34, fig. 18. Drawn by E. Brown)
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Vitalis basilica, looking toward apse
Sufetula (Sbeitla), ancient piscina, found in the center aisle of Vitalis basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), baptismal font, Vitalis basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), details, baptismal font, Vitalis basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), inscription from Servus basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), site of Servus basilica
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Servus basilica (Plan after Duval and Baratte [1973], p. 76, fig. 48. Drawn by E. Brown)
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Servus basilica, apse with sarcophagi
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Servus basilica, baptistery
Sufetula (Sbeitla), Servus basilica, apsed chapel or
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