Adela Yarbro Collins - Is Marks Gospel a life of Jesus?: the question of genre
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Is Marks Gospel a life of Jesus?: the question of genre
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Is Mark's Gospel a Life of Jesus? : The Question of Genre Pere Marquette Lecture in Theology ; 1990
author
:
Collins, Adela Yarbro.
publisher
:
Marquette University Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0874625459
print isbn13
:
9780874625455
ebook isbn13
:
9780585155081
language
:
English
subject
Bible.--N.T.--Mark--Criticism, interpretation, etc, Jesus Christ--History of doctrines--Early church, ca. 30-600, Biography as a literary form.
publication date
:
1990
lcc
:
BS2585.2.C57 1990eb
ddc
:
226.3/066
subject
:
Bible.--N.T.--Mark--Criticism, interpretation, etc, Jesus Christ--History of doctrines--Early church, ca. 30-600, Biography as a literary form.
Page i
The Pre Marquette Lecture in Theology 1990
Is Mark's Gospel a Life of Jesus?
The Question of Genre
by Adela Yarbro Collins Professor of New Testament University of Notre Dame
MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY PRESS MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN
Page ii
Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 89-64322
Copyright 1990 Marquette University Press Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
ISBN 0-87462-545-9
Page iii
Foreword
The 1990 Pre Marquette Lecture in Theology is the twenty-first in a series commemorating the missions and explorations of Pre Jacques Marquette, S.J. (163775). This series of annual lectures was begun in 1969 under the auspices of the Marquette University Department of Theology.
The Joseph A. Auchter Family Endowment Fund has endowed the lecture series. Joseph Auchter (18941986), a native of Milwaukee, was a banking and paper industry executive and a long-time supporter of education. The fund was established by his children as a memorial to him.
Dr. Adela Yarbro Collins, Professor of New Testament at the University of Notre Dame, delivered the 1990 lecture at Marquette University on April 1, 1990. Having received her B.A. from Pomona College in 1967, Dr. Collins was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship for study at the University of Tbingen, Federal Republic of Germany. She received both her M.A. (1972) and her Ph.D. (1975) from Harvard University. She has taught at Weston School of Theology,
Page iv
McCormick Theological Seminary, and Notre Dame, and has been visiting professor at Iliff School of Theology, the Divinity School of the University of Chicago, Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary, and Boston College.
Professor Collins has published several books, including Crisis and Catharsis: The Power of the Apocalypse (Westminster, 1984) and The Gospel and Women: The 1987 Fred O. Francis Memorial Lectures in Religion (Chapman College, 1988). Her numerous articles have appeared in journals such as Harvard Theological Review, Catholic Biblical Quarterly, Journal of Biblical Literature, and Interpretation. She is scheduled to write the Hermeneia commentary on Mark and coauthor the commentary on Daniel in the same series.
In the present lecture, Professor Collins raises the question of the nature of the writing offered in the gospel according to Mark. Various categories and varied comparisons have been proposed for the gospel of Mark. The term "gospel" as a genre has ambiguities, while the term "biography" suggests an extraordinary variety of works to which Mark can be compared. But the author of Mark does not seem to be writing a life of
Page v
Jesus. Professor Collins concludes that Mark's gospel can be seen as history in an apocalyptic mode, a conclusion that allows one to see that the author addresses not simply the existential aspect of human reality but the historical dimension of human existence.
JOHN J. SCHMITT
Page 1
Is Mark's Gospel a Life of Jesus? The Question of Genre
When we read a text, such as the gospel of Mark, composed nearly two thousand years ago, we rely, often unconsciously, on the work of many people who have made our access to that text possible. If we read it in Greek, we rely on the paleographers and textual critics who have prepared, for example, the twenty-sixth edition of the Nestle-text, the most widely used critical edition of the Greek New Testament.1 If we read it in English, we rely, not only on those, but also on a translator, often a committee of translators, who stand on the shoulders of a long line of translators before them.2 Once we remind ourselves of these matters, it is easy to see how we are dependent on transmitters, editors, and translators of texts. The role that notions of genre play in the process of reading a text is more subtle, but equally important.3
Whenever we read a text, we bring to it, or form very quickly, an idea about what kind of a text it is. Understanding depends on a
Page 2
notion of genre or "kind" of text, a notion that includes expectations about literary form and style, content, and function. The basic options with regard to the "kind" of text Mark is include ''gospel," "history," and "life" or ''biography."4 The decision about the genre of Mark is not merely a matter of taxonomy or academic scholarship. It seems to me that one's assumptions about the literary form of Mark have effects on the way this work is allowed to function in the lives of readers, in the life of the Church, and in society.
The judgment that Mark is a "gospel," a unique Christian literary form, sets it aside as a "holy" text, as an instance of Scripture, a book unlike other books. This point of view implies that Mark belongs to the Church and has little to say to society in a secular or pluralistic world. The judgment that Mark is a life of Jesus implies that it is a record of an individual who serves as a model for others. People, in ancient times and modern, have read biography to find out what another person was like and to compare oneself with him or her.5 Although people are born into different circumstances, each person has to do the best one can with the hand one has been
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