GREEK MAGIC
Magic has always been a widespread phenomenon in Greek society, starting from Homers Circe (the first evil witch in Western history) and extending to the pervasive belief in the evil eye in twenty-first-century Greece. Indeed, magic is probably the most ancient and durable among social and religious phenomena known to classical and other scholars, and it can be traced over a span of some three millennia in sources in the Greek language as well as in an impressive range of visual and other media. These include curse tablets from fourth-century BCE Athens, the medico-magical gems of late antiquity, early Christian amulets, and various exorcism prayers from the medieval and later periods.
Organized chronologically, the intriguing panorama offered by this book guides the reader through the ancient, medieval, modern and even contemporary periods, highlighting the traditions, ideologies and methods of magic in each period of Greek history. It brings together the latest insights from a range of experts from various disciplines: classicists, art historians, archaeologists, legal historians and social anthropologists among others.
J.C.B.Petropoulos is Associate Professor of Ancient Greek Literature at the Democritean University of Thrace and Chairman of the Board of Harvard Universitys Center for Hellenic Studies in Nafplio. He specializes in Greek poetry and is generally concerned with social-anthropological issues relevant to ancient Greek literature and society. He also has an interest in the reception of ancient Greek sub-literary and popular song tradition beyond antiquity in the Greek-speaking world.
GREEK MAGIC
Ancient, Medieval and Modern
Edited by J.C.B.Petropoulos
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2008
by Routledge
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2008 J.C.B.Petropoulos for editorial matter and selection; individual contributions, the contributors
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ISBN 0-203-93188-2 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN13: 978-0-203-93188-2 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN13: 978-1-134-45923-0 ePub ISBN
ISBN 10 0-415-28232-2
ISBN 13 978-0-415-28232-1
CONTENTS
J.C.B.PETROPOULOS |
DAVID JORDAN |
NANNO MARINATOS |
SARAH I LES JOHNSTON |
ANTONIO CORSO |
WILLIAM BRASHEAR |
ARPAD M.NAGY |
J.C.B.PETROPOULOS |
SPYROS N.N.TROJANOS |
GARY VIKAN |
DAVID JORDAN |
GEORGE TH.CALOFONOS |
AGAMEMNON TSELIKAS |
J.C.B.PETROPOULOS |
CHARLES STEWART |
CHRISTINA VEIKOU |
VASSILIKI CHRYSSANTHOPOULOU |
NIKOS XENIOS |
THEODORE PARADELLIS |
J.C.B.PETROPOULOS |
RICHARD GORDON |
ELEONORA SKOUTERI-DIDASKALOU |
ALFRED GELL |
STRATIS PSALTOU |
CONSTANTINOS MANDAS |
LIST OF FIGURES
| Medea, assisted by two maidservants, prepares her rejuvenating drug in a cauldron. Roman copy of a relief by Alkamenes (5th century BCE). Rome, Vatican Museums |
| Circe offers her unconventional potion to a pig-man. Her nakedness brings out her sexuality. Archaic terracotta plaque, now in Sicily (see Canciani, LIMC VI, no. 4) |
| Among other divinities, Hekate was invoked in binding spells to help the dead in harming a living victim. Six-handed Hekate amid characters. Lead defixio found in the Athens Agora (reproduced by kind permission of D.Jordan) |
| Athena adorning Pandora. Niobid painter, ca. 460 BCE. London, British Museum |
| Phylactery seal. Early Christian period. Byzantine Museum, Athens |
| The Empress Zo (detail): Was she really a witch? Mosaic, 11th century, Haghia Sophia, Istanbul |
| Magic symbols. Dimitsana MS., nineteenth century |
| Magic circle used for predicting the future. Cod.115, ?early 18th century, Historical and Ethnographic Society of Athens. In A.Delatte, Anecdota Atheniensia, Lige, 1927, i, 25 |
| Ancient Greek eye-shaped kylikes, 6th century BCE. The eyes on these drinking-vessels protected symposiasts |
| The good fairy (Nerada) is the guardian of the bridal couple pictured to the right and left. Embroidered bridal pillow from Leucas, 18th century. Benaki Museum, Athens |
CONTRIBUTORS
William Brashear was Keeper of the Papyrus Collection at the Egyptian Museum in Berlin
George Th. Calofonos is a Byzantine historian.
Vassiliki Chryssanthopoulou-Farrington is Research Fellow at the Hellenic Folklore Research Centre of the Academy of Athens.
Antonio Corso is a fellow of the Institute for Advanced Study-Collegium Budapest.
Alfred Gell was Reader in Anthropology at the London School of Economics and did fieldwork both in Papua New Guinea and in central India.
Richard Gordon is Honorary Professor of the History of Greek and Roman Religion at the University of Erfurt, Germany.
Sarah Iles Johnston is Associate Professor of Greek and Latin at the Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio.
David Jordan is a member of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
Constantinos Mandas has a doctorate in ancient history from the University of Bristol.
Nanno Marinatos is former Professor of Archaeology at College Year in Athens.
Arpad M.Nagy is Keeper of the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities in the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest.
Theodore Paradellis is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of the Aegean in Mytilini.
Stratis Psaltou is a historian of religion.
Eleonora Skouteri-Didaskalou is a social anthropologist.
Charles Stewart is a Lecturer in the Department of Anthropology at University College London.
Spyros N.Trojanos is Professor of Law at the University of Athens Law School.
Agamemnon Tselikas
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