Whitby - SPARTA PB

SPARTA

SPARTA

Edited by

Michael Whitby

In memoriam LGW

First Published in the U.S.A. and Canada in 2002 by
Routledge
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New York, NY 10001

This edition published 2012 by Routledge:

Routledge
Taylor & Francis Group
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New York, NY 10017

Routledge
Taylor & Francis Group
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Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

By arrangement with Edinburgh University Press, published in the series Edinburgh Readings on the Ancient World, edited by Michele George and Thomas Harrison.

Introduction, selection and editorial materials Copyright 2002 by
Michael Whitby
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system without permission in writing from the publisher.

Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from The Library of Congress

ISBN 0 415 93956 9 (hbk)
ISBN 0 415 93957 7 (pbk)

Contents

Chester G. Starr

A. Andrewes

G. E. M. de Ste Croix

Stephen Hodkinson

Anton Powell

Stephen Hodkinson

Paul Cartledge

Robert Parker

Graham Shipley

G. E. M. de Ste Croix

Jean Ducat, trans. Sam Coombes

G. E. M. de Ste Croix

Paul Cartledge

G. L. Cawkwell

This volume originated in a request in autumn 1998 from Tom Harrison to contribute to his and Michele Georges new series of undergraduate readers, with the suggestion that Sparta might benefit from being treated by an observer who was slightly detached from the hurly-burly of the professional scholarly controversies. The challenge has been considerable, but also enjoyable. If the resulting volume fulfils its purpose, much credit is due to Tom himself for his perceptive editorial observations, to Emma Stafford for help and advice on Spartan matters, in particular on religious and artistic issues, to Nino Luraghi for discussing his current work and providing advance copies of unpublished material, and above all to Paul Cartledge. Paul has gone well beyond the obligations of his status as an advisory editor for the series to provide help to an amateur in Spartan affairs, a veritable hypomeion, even though he was well aware that some of my views are heretical. Thanks are also due to all the authors of the individual contributions who were most helpful in sanctioning the reprinting of their various pieces; Jean Ducat, in particular, vetted the draft translation of his chapter which had been prepared by Sam Coombes.

To Geoffrey de Ste Croix I owe a considerable debt not only as the contributor of three chapters to this volume but also as my undergraduate tutor in Greek history: without his stimulating teaching at that time, and support and encouragement over subsequent years, it is improbable that I would have had the ability or confidence to persevere in the academic world. There is much in this volume with which he would have disagreed, but during the summer of 1999 he quizzed me in considerable detail about my views and ideas to satisfy himself about the credentials of the project. He regarded Sparta as a pretty beastly place, and I would not dissent. His death earlier this year is a great loss to all those such as myself who had benefited from his learning and friendship.

The problem of how to present Greek names is notorious. I have opted for pragmatic Latinising, while attempting to respect the more purist Hellenising of Paul Cartledge and others. The differences are not so great as to be too confusing.

This volume is dedicated to the memory of my father who upheld the interests of Edinburgh University Press during three decades of service to the University. His support over the years has been invaluable in my own career. Thanks beyond measure are also due to Lynne and the boys for their love and tolerance during yet another bout of academic seclusion.

Michael Whitby

The articles and excerpts included in this book were originally published in a range of different journals and books. A degree of uniformity has been imposed (for example, in the abbreviations used), but many of the conventions of the original pieces have been preserved. This applies to spelling and punctuation (UK or US) and to different modes of referencing: chapters using the Harvard (i.e. name and date) system are followed by individual bibliographies; those using short titles usually have footnotes and no bibliography.

The final bibliography contains the more important works referred to by the editor.

Editorial notes and translations of ancient texts are introduced either within square brackets [ ] or in daggered footnotes . Some Greek terms, especially those in use in English, have been transliterated.

All abbreviations of ancient texts, modern collections, books and journals, used either in the chapters or in the editorial material, are listed and explained on the pages following.

1 ABBREVIATIONS OF REFERENCES TO PRIMARY SOURCES

2 ABBREVIATIONS OF JOURNALS AND MODERN EDITIONS