Karen Sinclair - Maori Times, Maori Places

Maori Times, Maori Places

ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC.

Published in the United States of America

by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

A Member of the Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group

4720 Boston Way, Lanham, Maryland 20706

www.rowmanlittlefield.com

PO Box 317

Oxford

OX2 9RU, UK

Copyright 2003 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Published in New Zealand in 2002 by Bridget Williams Books Limited PO Box 5482, Wellington

Publication was assisted by the History Group of the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, New Zealand

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Sinclair, Karen, 1947.

Maori times, Maori places: prophetic histories / Karen Sinclair.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-7425-1638-5 (cloth: alk. paper)ISBN 0-7425-1639-3 (pbk.: alk. paper)

1. Maori (New Zealand people)Religion. I. Title.

BL2615.S56 2001

299'92442dc21

200101527

Printed in the United States of America

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.

National Library of New Zealand Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Sinclair, Karen, 1947-

Prophetic histories: the people of the Mramatanga / Karen Sinclair.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 1-877242-92-6

1. Maori (New Zealand people)Religion. 2. Nativistic movementsNew Zealand. 3. Maori (New Zealand people)Biography. 4. Maori (New Zealand people)New ZealandRangitikei DistrictHistory.

I. Title.

289.908999442dc 21

Published in New Zealand in 2002 by Bridget Williams Books Limited, P O Box 5482, Wellington

Publication was assisted by the History Group of the Ministry for Culture and Heritage.

Karen Sinclair, 2002

ISBN 1-877242-92-6

Cover design: Mission Hall DGL

Cover photograph: Ruapehu at sunset, Shaun Barnett

Internal design and typesetting: Afineline/Archetype

Printed by: Astra Print

Nau mai e te taonga, hei morimoritanga mo ng uri o te tikanga nei. He mihi hoki kia koe e Karen me t whnau mo ng mahi kua hpai e koutou. N reira, me hoki an ki ng kupu e whai ake nei:

Aue te aroha i a ahau

Aue e te iwi e

E te hungaruarua puritia kia mau

taina ki runga i te waka o te ora

Ka hoe ai ki te tauranga.

Ko te kupu a te Kaiwhakaora

A Hehu tino aroha

Wetewetekia atu ng ururua

E te hunga e mamae ana

Ka aru mai ai i a ahau.

E te iwi whakarongo ake r

Ki te reo e karanga mai nei

Whaia kia mau te kotahitanga

He mea paihere n te rangimrie

Kia mau ai te rongopai.

N mtou i runga i te aroha

Te Hungaruarua

From my arrival in New Zealand through to the present, I have received assistance, knowledge, and sustenance from sources in both countries. While many authors acknowledge their families last, my husband Michael and daughter Emily were far too instrumental in their participation to appear as an afterthought. Michael shopped, cooked, and ran the house while I worked. This went on far too long and an expression of gratitude seems hardly adequate. However, he does know how I feel and how insubstantial notions of appreciation for his efforts must be. From 1982, Emily accompanied me while I did fieldwork. As a child, an adolescent, then as a young woman, she saw things that I, the anthropologist, missed. Moreover, her affection and aroha for the people of the Mramatanga were so clear, that her relationships with them were less complicated than mine. Today, she is a wonderful young adult, aware of the lessons learned on the marae and with the notable individuals featured in this book. Both Michael and Emily, possessing talents for words and abilities both to organize and to see logical inconsistencies, carefully read several drafts. It took them a great deal of time, but ultimately together, they assisted in doing a major edit of this book.

Once I arrived in New Zealand, I was assisted by Laurie Cox (at the time the new head of the US-NZ Educational Foundation; I was his first Fulbright student), his predecessor E. Budge, Amy and Ian Brown, Michael Sinclair, and Virginia Stevenson. At Victoria University of Wellington, where I was based, I benefited from the seminars run by Joan Metge (now Dame Joan), Jan Pouwer (then Chair of the Anthropology Department) and Bernie Kernot. As instructive as I found these formal settings, I benefited as well from their encyclopedic knowledge, often given over a cup of coffee. I would also like to thank Nancy Pollock, who over the years has supplied a wealth of information.

My research could have not proceeded had it not been for the help of librarians at the Auckland Public Library, where the papers of the Rev. Richard Taylor are kept, the former Dominion Museum, and the new Alexander Turnbull Library. My requests, which would seem ridiculous even to my ears, were met with competence and intelligence. In New York, the joys of the Wertheim study and the Rare Books room allowed me to proceed for long periods of time uninterrupted. This was facilitated by Wayne Forman, who is invaluable to anyone who seeks to work for protracted periods of time. The collections at University of Michigan and Eastern Michigan University have also been very helpful. In particular, I would like to thank Keith Stanger and Rita Bullard, who arranged computer searches and interlibrary loans.

My research has been supported by a variety of sources and many individuals. My initial research was funded by a Fulbright Full Grant and extended through a National Science Foundation Grant. At Eastern Michigan University, I received financial support in the form of Faculty Research Fellowships and Sabbaticals, which gave me released time from teaching responsibilities as well as assistance in defraying the costs of travel and living abroad. In addition, I received an NEH Travel to Collections grant and then an NEH Fellowship for College Teachers, which permitted time off for writing. Eastern Michigan Universitys World College, run by Raymond Schaub and Geoffrey Voght, also provided assistance on several occasions. I am very grateful for the continued support of Robert Holkeboer, first at the Office of Research and Development, and then as Dean of the Graduate School. In this position, he actively oversees all research done at the university. I am also grateful for the assistance provided by Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Barry Fish, and a succession of department heads, who adjusted my teaching schedule to allow me to write and to travel to New Zealand. Jay Weinstein, Gregg Barak, and Joseph Rankin all provided support and understanding.

My friends and colleagues, most especially Sharon Crutchfield, Marie Richmond-Abbott, Robert Citino, Allen Ehrlich, Lynn Sipher, and Martin Shichtman offered advice on numerous occasions. Linda Stone, my flatmate in graduate school, continued the tradition of reading all I write and commenting honestly. In New Zealand, the late Amy Brown did a very thorough reading and her editing was enhanced by the very competent work of Len May and Lindsey Rogers. Bridget Williams, Dean Birkenkamp, and Terry Fischer all worked very hard and demonstrated extraordinary patience.