All rights reserved. This publication is copyright and may not be resold or reproduced in any manner (except excerpts thereof for bona fide study purposes in accordance with the Copyright Act) without the prior consent of the publisher.
Every effort has been made to ensure that this book is free from error or omissions. However, the publisher, the authors, the editor, or their respective employees or agents, shall not accept responsibility for injury, loss or damage occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of material in this book whether or not such injury, loss or damage is in any way due to any negligent act or omission, breach of duty or default on the part of the publisher, the authors, the editor or their respective employees or agents.
Shankarananda, Swami.
Self-inquiry: using your awareness to unblock your life/author, Swami Shankarananda.
Includes index.
Bibliography.
Meditation. Yoga. Spirituality. Self-actualization (Psychology).
Self (Philosophy). Self-realization.
For Devi Ma.
You were there at the beginning, the middle and the end.
You are the muse and deity of this work.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This book is the result of years of spiritual work and experimentation in which many people took part. First, I want to acknowledge my great Guru, Swami Muktananda, in whose presence my understanding of Self-inquiry was inspired. Later, when I asked the question, he said yes.
I bow to the great sages, especially Ramana Maharshi, who blazed the way.
Next, I want to acknowledge Devi Ma, to whom I dedicate this book. She has worked with the process over many years, helping me shape it with her unmatched intuition.
I must acknowledge my editor, Jacqueline Bos, who worked with me on the text, selflessly giving up her spare time. She held every idea and thought in her mind and always knew when one of my additions was valuable or repetitive. I couldnt have done it without you Jackie.
Let me acknowledge my dear Professor Patrick Mahaffey, Chair of Mythological Studies Program at Pacifica Graduate Institute, Santa Barbara, California, for his sensitive and insightful foreword.
As always, I am indebted to Kali Nolle for the print design of the book and the cover. She turns my books into objects of beauty.
Thank you to Swami Dayananda for creating the index and reading and rereading the text, offering advice on content and structure. Kaymolly Morrelle also read through the text many times and did much valuable copyediting. Thanks also to Dr Jo Hughson for checking the Sanskrit and for general assistance.
And I want to thank Daniel Vuillermin for producing the CD that goes with the book, and Jim Walter who assisted with the mixing.
Thank you to Dr Gary Witus for his suggestions and to Dylan Frusher, Mary-Anne MacCallum and Leigh Saward who helped in various ways. And also to Sandy Kouroupidis who organised the printing, and to Dr Isobel Crombie who transcribed the lectures.
I also must acknowledge Mother Girija, Danny Greenberg and the members of the original Ann Arbor inquiry groups. Also, Amma, who said no.
Finally, I salute all the Shiva Yogis and inquiry practitioners who have worked with me for the past 20 years, giving their heart and soul to the process of Self-discovery. It is because of their dedication to the truth that this method of Self-inquiry is honed and powerful.
They in whom the spirit of inquiry is ever awake illumine the world, enlighten all who come in contact with them, dispel the ghosts created by an ignorant mind In the light of inquiry there is realisation of the eternal and unchanging reality [One who practises inquiry] is free from delusion and attachment he lives and functions in this world and reaches the blissful state of total freedom.
Yoga Vashishta
though truth and falsehood be
Near twins, yet truth a little elder is;
Be busy to seek her, believe me this,
To stand inquiring right, is not to stray;
To sleep, or run wrong, is. On a huge hill,
Cragged and steep, Truth stands, and he that will
Reach her, about must and about must go,
And what the hills suddenness resists, win so
John Donne
Good judgment comes from experience,
and a lot of that comes from bad judgment.
Will Rogers
Seek what is immediate and intimate
rather than what is distant and unknown.
Sri Ramana Maharshi
FOREWORD
THE GREAT WISDOM traditions teach methods for spiritual awakening. These paths help individuals attain self-knowledge through the careful observation of their life experiences. The pre-eminent method for expanding awareness in Indian spirituality is called Self-inquiry (atma vichara) and is associated with the path of discriminating knowledge or wisdom (jnana yoga). This process originated in the ancient literature of the Upanishads and it has been kept alive and revitalised by Vedantic sages such as Sri Shankaracharya and 20th-century teachers like Sri Ramana Maharshi and Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj. Fortunately for us, Swami Shankarananda continues this practice to the present day in a form that is both traditional and remarkably innovative. This book conveys the essence of his method of Self-inquiry in a manner that exemplifies his clear and engaging teaching style.
The aim of Self-inquiry is to discover and realise the Self. Traditionally it is a path of negation or via negativa. A person discovers their innermost being by disidentifying with what one is not: the body, thoughts, feelings and other characteristics that typically constitute identity such as gender, age and occupation. This is the approach of Ramana Maharshi, the sage who is most frequently associated with Self-inquiry. Swami Shankarananda provides an illuminating account of this method and demonstrates how we may experience its efficacy in our own lives. However, he observes that Ramanas method is uncompromising. It aims at silencing the mind so that one may experience the pristine awareness of the Self. Shankarananda endeavours to bring Self-inquiry down to earth: he gives it a body, a mind and a voice. While spirituality may be the most important aspect of life, he honours the fact that our bodies, work and relationships also deserve our attention. In actuality, each of these areas of life is intimately related to our spirituality. All of them express our life force, and the purpose of Self-inquiry is to remove the blocks that obstruct its flow.