This book presents an idea I have long had: to see Judaism not just as a religion, a culture, or even its own civilization, but as an evolving conversation over time. Appropriately, it began with a conversationwhen Jan-Erik Guerth invited me to author it. Given prior writing commitments that I had already made, he offered me the unheard-of opportunity to write the book in my own good time: whenever I could manage it. His magnanimous proposal was too good to turn down. I would at last be given the opportunity to read (or reread) the Jewish conversational record of the centuries. My first and foremost expression of gratitude goes, therefore, to Jan-Erik himself, not only for his vote of confidence in me but for his remarkable expertise as my partner in this venture all along the way. He is a most demanding editor, insistent on the excellence that I, too, value. I could not have wished for a better publisher and editor in what each of us, in our own way, treated as a sacred venture.
More conversations followed, not just with Jan-Erik, but with a host of other conversationalists, whose numbers included pretty much anyone I came acrossrabbis and cantors; educators and librarians; academicians everywhere (including, especially, colleagues at Synagogue 3000 and Hebrew Union College); and lay readers of all sorts, in particular, people who had recently discovered Judaism in all its fullness and whose encounter with the Jewish conversation proved especially instructive. Everywhere I went, people greeted my proposal with enthusiasm. I wish I had room to list the names of everyone who offered suggestions, but, failing that, I should mention at least two of them with whom I engaged in sustained conversations over the several years in which this book was taking shape: Dr. Joel Hoffman and Dr. Wendy Zierler. To them, I owe particular gratitude.
The process of working with Jan-Erik Guerth has been extraordinary, not only for the loving attention to editorial and production detail that he offered, but for his full engagement in the Jewish conversational record itself. With regularity, Jan-Erik critiqued my own selection of books, recommended others, and became my conversational partner in everything I had to say. He also surrounded himself with a superb supportive team including proofreaders Anne Louise Mahoney and Robert D. Land, text designer Cynthia Dunne, and cover designer Stefan Killen. This book owes a great deal to them all.
Book Notes
American Jewish Year Book . New York: American Jewish Committee; Jewish Publication Society of America, since 1899 (appears annually).
American Judaism . Sarna, Jonathan D. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004.
As a Driven Leaf . Steinberg, Milton. 1939. New York: Behrman House, 1996.
Aspects of Rabbinic Theology . Schechter, Solomon. 1909. Reprint Ed., New York: Schocken Books, 1965, 1972, 1975, 1984.
An Autobiography . Maimon, Solomon. 1793. English Ed., J. Clark Murray, trans., 1888. Reprint Ed., Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2008.
Awake and Sing! Odets, Clifford . In Clifford Odets, Three Plays by Clifford Odets . New York: Random House, 1935.
The Babylonian Talmud. Available in many English editions. The most widely used over time has been the edition by Isidore Epstein, trans. and ed., London: Soncino Press, 19351952. Newer (and now more commonly used) editions include the edition by Adin Steinsaltz, ed. with commentary, New York: Random House, 19891999; the edition by Jacob Neusner, trans. and ed. with commentary, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 2005; the edition by Hersch Goldwurm and Nosson Scherman, eds., Brooklyn: Artscroll Mesorah Publications, 19902007.
Badenheim 1939 . Appelfeld, Aharon. 1979. English Ed., Dalya Bilu, trans., Boston: D. R. Godine, 1980, 1998, 2009.
Bee Season . Goldberg, Myla . New York: Anchor Books, 2000, 2001, 2005.
The Bible. The Bible exists in countless versions, but this book draws almost exclusively on the one used by most Jews: the Jewish Publication Society of America (JPS) version of 1985. At times, however, quotations come also from the NRSV (New Revised Standard Version), 1989; the King James Version (KJV), 1611; or the New King James Version (NKJV), 1982; on occasion, I supplied translations of my own.
The Book of Blessings . Falk, Marcia. 1996. Boston: Beacon Press, 1999.
The Book of Jewish Food . Roden, Claudia. 1996. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007.
Bread Givers . Yezierska, Anzia. 1925. Reprint Ed., New York: Persea Books, 1969, 1975, 1999, 2003.
The Brothers Ashkenazi . Singer, Israel Joshua. 1936. English Ed., Maurice Samuel, trans., New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1936, 1945, 1959, 1965; also Joseph Singer, trans., New York: Atheneum, 1980.
Choices in Modern Jewish Thought . Borowitz, Eugene B. 1983. Second Ed., West Orange, NJ: Behrman House, 1995.
Community and Polity . Elazar, Daniel J. 1976. Revised Ed., Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1995.
The Complete Stories . Malamud, Bernard. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1997.
The Complete Works of Isaac Babel . Babel, Isaac. 2002. Nathalie Babel, ed., Peter Constantine, trans. Second Ed., New York: W. W. Norton, 2005.
Conservative Judaism . Sklare, Marshall. 1955. Reprint Ed., Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1985.
The Diaries. Herzl, Theodor. 19221923. This exists in several versions, but the one used here is by Marvin Lowenthal, ed. and trans., New York: Dial Press, 1956.
Duties of the Heart . Bachya ibn Pakuda. Ca. 1080. Several translations exist, but the most commonly cited one, which is the one used here, is the translation by Moses Hyamson, New York: Bloch Publishing Co., 1925, 1943, 1945, 1947.
Eclipse of God . Buber, Martin. 1952. English Ed., Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 1988, 1999.
Eichmann in Jerusalem . Arendt, Hannah. 1963. Revised Ed., New York: Penguin Books, 1976, 1978, 1984, 1987, 1992, 1994, 2006.
Entertaining America . Hoberman, J., and Jeffrey Shandler. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003.
From Beirut to Jerusalem . Friedman, Thomas L. 1989. New York: Anchor Books, 1995.
From Berlin to Jerusalem . Scholem, Gershom. 1977. English Ed., Harry Zohn, trans., New York: Schocken Books, 1980, 1988.
From Politics to Piety . Neusner, Jacob. 1972. Second Ed., Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2003.
The Gate Behind the Wall . Heilman, Samuel C. 1984. Reprint Ed., Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1995.
Gentlemans Agreement . Hobson, Laura Z. 1947. Reprint Ed., Cary, NC: Cherokee Publishing Co., 2007.
Goodbye, Columbus . Roth, Philip. 1959. Reprint Ed., Shelton, CT: First Edition Library, 1996.
Guide for the Perplexed . Maimonides, Moses. Ca. 1200. The standard English version for many years was by M. Friedlander, trans., 1885. The most cited version today is by Shlomo Pines, trans., Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961, 1963, 1969, 1974, 1979, 1986, 1990, 1999, 2003.
A Guide to Jewish Religious Practice . Klein, Isaac. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1979, 1992.
Haggadah and History . Yerushalmi, Yosef Hayim. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1975, 2005.
Halakhic Man . Soloveitchik, Joseph B. Lawrence Kaplan, trans., Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1983.
Hasidic People . Mintz, Jerome R. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992, 1994, 1998.
Hebrew Ethical Wills . Abrahams, Israel, ed. 1926. Expanded Facsimile Ed., Lawrence Fine, ed., Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 2006.