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OECD - The Survey of Adult Skills

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OECD The Survey of Adult Skills
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OECD Skills Studies The Survey of Adult Skills Readers Companion Third Edition - photo 1
OECD Skills Studies
The Survey of Adult Skills Readers Companion, Third Edition
Please cite this publication as:
OECD (2019), The Survey of Adult Skills : Readers Companion, Third Edition , OECD Skills Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/f70238c7-en .
Metadata Legal and Rights ISBN 978-92-64-63171-7 print - - photo 2
Metadata, Legal and Rights
ISBN: 978-92-64-63171-7 (print) - 978-92-64-38513-9 (pdf) - 978-92-64-56216-5 (HTML) - 978-92-64-52353-1 (epub)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/f70238c7-en
OECD Skills Studies
ISSN: 2307-8723 (print) - 2307-8731 (online)
This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries.
This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.
Photo credits: Cover aleksandr-mansurov-ru/iStockphoto; Don Pablo/Shutterstock; Jamie Grill/Getty Images; Jaroslav Machacek/Shutterstock; Konstantin Chagin/Shutterstock; Lightspring/Shutterstock; momentimages/Tetra Images/Inmagine LTD; Ocean/Corbis.
Corrigenda to publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm .
OECD 2019
The use of this work, whether digital or print, is governed by the Terms and Conditions to be found at http://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions .
Foreword

The labour market is in a flux, affected by the deep and rapid digital transformation, as well as globalisation and demographic changes. Employers are demanding new skills and qualified workers, while many people are looking for a job. Promoting a good match between the rapidly changing demand for skills with workers competences is crucial to harness the potential of these changes and ensure that no one is left behind. Governments need a clearer picture, not only of how labour markets are changing, but of how well-equipped their citizens are to participate in, and benefit from, increasingly knowledge-based economies. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), provides that picture. It captures information about adults proficiency in literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills, and how much those skills are used on the job and throughout life.

Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills expands on the data and analysis examined in Skills Matter: Further Results from the Survey of Adult Skills and in OECD Skills Outlook 2013: First Results from the Survey of Adult Skills. New data is included for six countries: Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico and Peru (that conducted the study for the first time) and the United States (that had previously collected data as part of the studys first round). The results show that poor skills severely limit peoples access to more rewarding and productive jobs. The distribution of skills across the population also has significant implications for how the benefits of economic growth are shared within societies. Put simply, where large shares of adults have poor skills, it becomes difficult to introduce productivity-enhancing technologies and new ways of working, which in turn stalls improvements in living standards and tends to widen income inequality. In all countries, adults with lower skills are far more likely than those with better literacy skills to report poor health, to be less involved in political processes and to have less trust in others.

The report also finds that acquiring relevant skills is certainly key, but may not be enough to integrate successfully in the labour market. Workers must be given the opportunity to use their skills productively, but also to reap some of the tangible and intangible benefits of skills proficiency (such as wages and productivity at work) that contribute to adults general well-being.

Going forward, the OECD is working with governments to support country-specific efforts that ensure that their citizens are equipped with the right skills for 21st-century economies and use those skills productively. We know that skills matter for both workers and employers; now its time to get the balance right.

Stefano Scarpetta Director OECD Directorate for Employment Labour and Social - photo 3

Stefano Scarpetta

Director, OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs

Andreas Schleicher Director OECD Directorate for Education and Skills - photo 4

Andreas Schleicher

Director, OECD Directorate for Education and Skills

Acknowledgements

The Survey of Adult Skills is a collaborative endeavour involving the participating countries, the OECD Secretariat, the European Commission and an international Consortium led by Educational Testing Service (ETS). This report was prepared by William Thorn, with the assistance of Vanessa Denis and Sabrina Leonarduzzi.

The international Consortium was responsible for developing the assessment instruments and preparing the underlying data under the direction of Irwin Kirsch.

The development and implementation of the project was steered by the PIAAC Board of Participating Countries. During the implementation of the 3rd Round of the Survey of Adult Skills (2015 to 2019), the Board was chaired by Aviana Bulgarelli (Italy) from 2015, Ted Reininga (the Netherlands) from 2016, Patrick Bussire (Canada) from 2014 to 2015 and Dan McGrath (United States) from 2010 to 2016. A full list of the members of the Board together with the names of the National Project Managers, experts, members of the international Consortium and staff of the OECD Secretariat who have contributed to the project can be found in .

Introduction

This companion volume to the international reports presenting results for the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) (OECD, 2013, 2016 and 2019) offers an overview of the what and how of the Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, or PIAAC. Its primary objective is to help readers to understand and interpret the results from the survey. To this end, it explains, in a non-technical way, the methodologies underpinning the design of the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) and operational aspects of the survey, such as sampling, data collection and response rates, and how results are reported.

In the first cycle of the survey (2008-2019), three separate rounds of data collection have been undertaken. The first round, which collected data in 2011-12 involved 24 countries/economies. The second, which collected data in 2014-15 involved a further nine countries/economies and the third (2017-18) involved six countries. The countries participating in Round 1 were: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Cyprus,

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