Marc S. Micozzi MD PhD - Fundamentals of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 4e

Fundamentals of COMPLEMENTARY and ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

Fourth Edition

Marc S. Micozzi, MD, PhD

Adjunct Professor, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC;Former Director, Center for Integrative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Saunders

Front matter

Fundamentals of COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

Fourth Edition

MARC S. MICOZZI, MD, PhD

Adjunct Professor

Department of Physiology & Biophysics

Georgetown University School of Medicine

Washington, DC;

Former Director

Center for Integrative Medicine

Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

With forewords by

C. EVERETT KOOP, MD, ScD

Former Surgeon General of the United States;

AVIAD HARAMATI, PhD

Professor, Departments of Physiology & Biophysics and Medicine

Georgetown University School of Medicine

Washington, DC

and

GEORGE D. LUNDBERG, MD

Former Editor-in-Chief, Journal of the American Medical Association, 1982-1999; and Medscape, The Medscape Journal of Medicine and eMedicine from WebMD, 1999-2009

Consulting Professor, Stanford University President and Chair, The Lundberg Institute

Copyright

3251 Riverport Lane

St. Louis, Missouri 63043

FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ISBN: 978-1-437-70577-5

Copyright 2011, 2006, 2001, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notices

Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.

To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Fundamentals of complementary and alternative medicine / [edited by] Marc S. Micozzi ; with forewords by C. Everett Koop, Aviad Haramati, and George Lundberg. 4th ed.

p. ; cm.

Rev. ed. of: Fundamentals of complementary and integrative medicine. c2006.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4377-0577-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Alternative medicine. I. Micozzi, Marc S., 1953- II. Fundamentals of complementary and integrative medicine.

[DNLM: 1. Complementary Therapies. WB 890 F981 2011]

R733.F86 2011

615.5 dc22

2009043446

Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan

Senior Editor: Kellie White

Senior Developmental Editor: Jennifer Watrous

Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson

Senior Project Manager: David Stein

Design Direction: Amy Buxton

Printed in the United States

Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Dedication

Dedicated to Edio D. Micozzi (1927-2007)

To my departed father Edio

Who taught me the Latin I needed to know

In modern medicine, question the status quo

And of it, remember to always ask, cui bono

Acknowledgment to the team at University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston who worked by hurricane lamp during Hurricane Ike to complete their chapters on time.

And new philosophy calls all in doubt

The element of fire is quite put out

The sun is lost, and the earth, and no mans wit

Can well direct him where to look for it

And freely men confess that this worlds spent

When in the Planets, and the Firmament

They seek so many new; they see that this

Is crumbled out againe to his Atomies

Tis all in pieces, all cohaerence gone;

All just supply, and all relation

John Donne (1572-1631), Physician and Metaphysician, Written in 1611

Contributors

Mones S. Abu-Asab, Ph.D. , Senior Research Biologist, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Hunter Patch Adams, MD , Executive Director of Gesundheit Institute, Arlington, Virginia

Amy L. Ai, PhD , Professor, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Hakima Amri, PhD , Director, CAM Master of Science Program in Physiology, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC

Donald A. Bisson, RRPr , Ontario College of Reflexology, New Liskeard, Ontario, Canada

Gerard C. Bodeker, EdD , Nuffield Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Sciences, University of Oxford;, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York

Emma Bragdon, PhD , Director of the Foundation for Energy Therapies, Inc., Director of Spiritual Alliances, LLC, Woodstock, Vermont

Michael Carlston, MD , Editorial Advisory Board, HOMEOPATHY: The Journal of the Faculty of Homeopathy Private Practice, Santa Rosa, California

Claire Monod Cassidy, PhD, Dipl Ac, LAc , Director, Windpath Healing Works, LLC, Bethesda, Maryland

Patrick Coughlin, PhD , Professor, Department of Anatomy, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Judith DeLany, LMT , Director, Neuromuscular Therapy Center, St. Petersburg, Florida