Wan Lei - 5G System Design: An End to End Perspective (Wireless Networks)

The purpose of Springers Wireless Networks book series is to establish the state of the art and set the course for future research and development in wireless communication networks. The scope of this series includes not only all aspects of wireless networks (including cellular networks, WiFi, sensor networks, and vehicular networks), but related areas such as cloud computing and big data. The series serves as a central source of references for wireless networks research and development. It aims to publish thorough and cohesive overviews on specific topics in wireless networks, as well as works that are larger in scope than survey articles and that contain more detailed background information. The series also provides coverage of advanced and timely topics worthy of monographs, contributed volumes, textbooks and handbooks.

** Indexing: Wireless Networks is indexed in EBSCO databases and DPLB **

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14180

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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It is hard to overstate the impact that HSPA and LTE technology have had on our global society. Mobile subscriptions for these technologies are now counted in the billions, touching lives and changing business everywhere on the planet. How did this come to pass? The dominance of these 3rd Generation Partnership (3GPP) technologies was not known a priori when their studies were first approved. There are many factors to explain the success, but surely these factors include the quality of the standards and technology as well as economies of scale from global deployment. For 5G, the fifth generation of telecommunication systems, the situation is different in that it is expected, even before the first equipment delivery, that 3GPP technology will dominate future global deployments. The vision for 5G also goes beyond traditional mobile broadband services. In 2015, ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union-Radio communications sector) established the 5G requirements for IMT-2020 (International Mobile Telecommunication system-2020), targeting diverse requirements from three key usage scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultrareliable and low-latency communication (URLLC).

Mobile broadband services like web browsing, social apps with text messaging, file sharing, music downloading, and video streaming are already very popular and supported by 4G communication systems. In the 5G era, these and other applications such as ultrahigh-definition (UHD) video, 3D video, and augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) will be better served with data rates up to hundreds of megabits per second or even gigabits per second. In addition, the demand of uplink high data rate service is also emerging, for example with HD video sharing. These service requirements, together with the anywhere anytime experience requirements with high user density and user mobility, define new limits for the eMBB scenario.

In the future, any object that can benefit from being connected will be connected, either partially or dominantly, through wireless technologies. This trend poses a huge demand for connecting objects/machines/things in a wide range of applications. Driverless cars, enhanced mobile cloud services, real-time traffic control optimization, emergency and disaster response, smart grid, e-health, and industrial communications, to name just a few, are all expected to be enabled or improved by wireless connectivity. By a closer observation of these applications, there are two major characteristics of these services: one is the number of desired connections; the other is the requested reliability within a given latency budget. These two significant characteristics drive the definitions of the mMTC and URLLC scenarios.

Accordingly, ITU-R defines the IMT-2020 requirements for all the above potential use cases, including eight key capabilities: 20 Gbps peak rate, 100 Mbps user perceived data rate at cell edge, 3 times spectrum efficiency of IMT-Advanced, mobility up to 500 km/h, low latency with less than 1 ms air interface round-trip time (RTT), connectivity density of 10 M connections per square kilometer, 100 times energy efficiency of IMT-Advanced, and traffic density with 10 Mbps per square meter. It is anticipated that the area traffic capacity is predicted to be increased by at least 100 times in 5G, with available bandwidth increased by 10 times. Altogether, the 5G system can provide a basic information infrastructure to be used by both people and machines for all of these applications, similar to the transportation system and electric power system infrastructure that we use now.