SCAPA AND A CAMERA
COUNTRY LIFE
First published in 1921.
"The Sure Shield of Britain and of her Empire."
(Extract from His Majesty the King's message to his Navy at the outbreak of war.)
SCAPA
AND A CAMERA
PICTORIAL IMPRESSIONS OF FIVE YEARS SPENT
AT THE GRAND FLEET BASE.
BY
C. W. BURROWS
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY
VICE-ADMIRAL F. S. MILLER, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL SCAPA FLOW, 1914-1916
LONDON
PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICES OF COUNTRY LIFE, LTD.,
20, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C. 2, AND BY
GEORGE NEWNES, LTD., 8-11, SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND, W.C. 2
NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
MCMXXI
DEDICATED (BY PERMISSION)
TO
ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET EARL BEATTY, O.M., G.C.B.,
AND THE
OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE GRAND FLEET
AND AUXILIARIES
PREFACE
T
The Author desires to express his indebtedness to the undermentioned, who, by the loan of photographs or in other ways, have assisted in the production of this book:
The Photographic Bureau , Imperial War Museum.
O. Baird , Esq., Admiralty.
P. Goodyear , Esq., Senior Constructor, Admiralty.
Lieut.-Commander N. A. K. Money , R.N., O.B.E., Admiralty.
Paymaster-Lieut. Humphrey Joel , R.N.R., H.M.S. "Excellent."
T. Kent , Esq., Kirkwall.
A. H. Dominey , Esq., late Junior Army and Navy Stores, Ltd., S.S. "Borodino."
Jas. Mackintosh , Esq., Kirkwall.
Guibal House, Lee , S.E. 12, March, 1921.
INTRODUCTION
I
It was my privilege to be in administrative charge of the Naval Base at Scapa from August, 1914, to May, 1916, until relieved by Rear-Admiral Prendergast.
The Author, Mr. C. W. Burrows, assumed duty as Cashier of the Dockyard Section at the Base in May, 1915, and was so employed until March, 1920, and thus had a long and intimate knowledge of local doings and surroundings.
He has compiled a unique and profusely illustrated book, which should prove of surpassing interest, not only to those who only know of Scapa by hearsay, but particularly to the thousands of officers and men of the Naval, Marine, and Civil Services of the Crown, the Mercantile Marine, and others who were employed in and near Scapa Flow. To the latter it will serve as a remembrance of the incidents, many joyous and some sad and tragic, associated with their sojourn in the northern mists which shrouded Scapa from the public eye. Part IV., dealing with the German ships at Scapa Flow, their dramatic sinking on 21st June, 1919, and the subsequent salvage operations of several of them, is an exceptionally fine pictorial record.
Owing to the lack of facilities, practically the whole of the Base Establishment had to be accommodated afloat, and until the arrival of H.M.S. "Victorious" in March, 1916, as accommodation ship and workshop for the Dockyard Staff and workmen, the officers and men experienced considerable discomfort. The men usually found quarters on board the ships upon which they were working, and, owing to the shortness of notice, they were frequently taken to sea.
A very marked feature throughout the war was the spirit of loyalty, good comradeship, and emulation which evinced itself among all ranks, ratings, and grades, whether on duty or in recreations. It was this spirit that lightened the discomforts and difficulties which necessarily occurred, maintained the Grand Fleet and Base in a healthy state of efficiency, and brought about the breakdown of the German morale, resulting in the ignominious surrender of the German ships in November, 1918, and their ultimate transfer to Scapa Flow.
The Author is to be congratulated in providing such a delightful souvenir of the Great War.
F. S. MILLER.
Long Hope, Shortheath, Farnham, Surrey.
CONTENTS
PART I |
---|
PAGE |
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASE |
PART II |
---|
SCENES AROUND SCAPA FLOW |
PART III |
---|
THE NAVY AT SCAPA FLOW |
PART IV |
---|
THE GERMAN SHIPS AT SCAPA FLOW |
ILLUSTRATIONS
"The Sure Shield of Britain and of her Empire" | Frontispiece |
PAGE |
Map of Scapa Flow and the Orkney Islands | To face |
H.M.S. "Cyclops" at Long Hope |
St. John's Head, Hoy |
Drifter Net-Boom Defence at Houton |
Sunken Ships between St. Margaret's Hope and Burray |
The Grand Fleet Base at Long Hope, 1916, looking towards Weddel Sound |
Closer View of the Base Ships at Long Hope |
H.M.S. "Imperieuse" at Long Hope |
H.M.S. "Victorious" at Scapa Flow |
R.F.A. "Ruthenia" |
Torpedo Sub-Dept Ship "Sokoto" lying in the Inner Hope |
The Brough of Birsay, off which H.M.S. "Hampshire" was lost on 6th June, 1916 |
Driving off from the First Hole on Flotta |
Children's Race at Long Hope Sports |
Watching the Sports |
A Boxing Match on Flotta |
A Ship's Garden at Crockness |
U.S.S. "New York" leading the 6th Battle Squadron into Scapa after crossing the Atlantic |
Harvest Festival |
The "Green Room" of a Battleship; Officers making up for a Show |
German Battleship "Kaiser" entering the Boom at Scapa Flow for Internment at Dawn on 26th November, 1918 |
The German Ships interned at Scapa |
German Battle Cruiser "Derfflinger" Four Minutes before finally Sinking, 2.45 p.m., 21st June, 1919 |
Vice-Admiral Sir R. J. Prendergast making his Farewell Address on H.M.S. "Victorious," 15th February, 1920 |
Good-bye to Scapa! |
View looking South from Houton Bay |
Wideford Hill and the "Peerie Sea" |
Loading Stores at Scapa Pier |
Kirkwall Harbour from the Cathedral Tower |
Albert Street, Kirkwall |
St. Magnus Cathedral from the Earl's Palace |
Old Houses in Kirkwall |
Stromness from the Sea |
Houton Bay Air Station |
The Clestron Barrier, Stromness |
The Standing Stones of Stennis |
The Ring of Brodgar |
The Tumulus of Maeshowe |
The Entrance to Maeshowe |
A Winding Road in Hoy |
Ward Hill and Graemsay Island from the Sea |
Ward Hillthe Road to Rackwick |
Ward Hill from the East |
The Old Man of Hoy |
The Dwarfie Stone |
The New Stone Wall and Pier, Lyness |
Crofts near Lyness |
Excavations at Lyness in Connection with the Building of the Wharf |
The First Train in Orkney |
Sunset over the Martello Tower, Crockness |
The Martello Tower, Crockness |
View looking through the Martello Tower, Crockness, towards Long Hope |
Melsetteron the Road from Lyness to Long Hope |
Long Hope Pier and Post Office |
Long Hope Hotel |
Kirk Hope, South Walls |
Cantick Lighthouse, South Walls |
Digging the PeatsHoy |
Carting Home the Peats |
Horse and Ox Harrowing |
Loading Sea-Weed for Manure |
An Orkney Cart |
Making Straw-backed Chairs, Orkney |