Alain Drouard - The Food Industries of Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

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THE FOOD INDUSTRIES OF EUROPE IN THE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES

The industrialization of food preservation and processing has been a dramatic development across Europe during modern times. This book sets out its story from the beginning of the nineteenth century when preservation of food from one harvest to another was essential to prevent hunger and even famine. Population growth and urbanization depended upon a break out from the biological ancien rgime in which hunger was an ever-present threat. The application of mass production techniques by the food industries was essential to the modernization of Europe.

From the mid-nineteenth century the development of food industries followed a marked regional pattern. After an initial growth in north-west Europe, the spread towards south-east Europe was slowed by social, cultural and political constraints. This was notable in the post-Second World War era. The picture of change in this volume is presented by case studies of countries ranging from the United Kingdom in the west to Romania in the east. All illustrate the role of food industries in creating new products that expanded the traditional cereal-based diet of pre-industrial Europe.

Industrially preserved and processed foods provided new flavours and appetizing novelties which led to brand names recognized by consumers everywhere. Product marketing and advertising became fundamental to modern food retailing so that Europes largest food producers, Danone, Nestl and Unilever, are numbered amongst the worlds biggest companies.

Dedicated to the memory of Adel Peter den Hartog (19372012),
geographer and nutritionist.
Founder member and Past President of the International Commission
for European Research into European Food History.

Adel den Hartog
Reproduced with permission from his son-in-law, Edward de Bock

The Food Industries of Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Edited by
DEREK J. ODDY
and
ALAIN DROUARD

First published 2013 by Ashgate Publishing

Published 2016 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright 2013 Derek J. Oddy, Alain Drouard and the contributors.

Derek J. Oddy and Alain Drouard have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
The food industries of Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

1. Food industry and tradeEuropeHistory19th century. 2. Food industry and trade
EuropeHistory20th century. 3. Processed foodsEuropeHistory19th century.
4. Processed foodsEuropeHistory20th century. 5. FoodPreservationTechnological
innovationsSocial aspectsEuropeHistory19th century. 6. FoodPreservation
Technological innovationsSocial aspectsEuropeHistory20th century. 7. Food
habitsEuropeHistory19th century. 8. Food habitsEuropeHistory20th century.
I. Oddy, Derek J. II. Drouard, Alain.
338.47664094-dc23

The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows:
Oddy, Derek J.

The food industries of Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries / by Derek J. Oddy
and Alain Drouard.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4094-5439-7 (hardback : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4724-0826-6 (epub)
ISBN 978-1-4094-5440-3 (ebook) 1. Food industry and tradeEuropeHistory19th century.
2. Food industry and tradeEuropeHistory20th century.
I. Drouard, Alain. II. Title.
HD9000.5.O33 2013
338.194dc23

2013000250

ISBN 978-1-409-45439-7 (hbk)

Contents

Derek J. Oddy

Karl-Peter Ellerbrock and Hans-Jrgen Teuteberg

Peter J. Atkins

Sylvie Vabre

Ramon Ramon-Muoz

Alain Drouard

Martin Franc

Sabine Merta

Tenna Jensen

Gumundur Jnsson and rn D. Jnsson

Adel P. den Hartog

Jenny Lee and Ulrika Torell

Anneke Geyzen

Lucian Scrob

Derek J. Oddy

Derek J. Oddy

List of Figures

List of Tables

Notes on Contributors

Peter J. Atkins, Professor of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. E-mail: p.j.atkins@durham.ac.uk

Alain Drouard, Director of Research (Honorary), National Centre for Scientific Research, Mail: 16 rue Parrot, 75012 Paris, France. E-mail: adrouard01@noos.fr

Karl-Peter Ellerbrock, Direktor der Stiftung Westflisches Wirtschaftsarchiv (Head of the Westphalian Economic Archives Foundation), Dortmund, Germany. E-mail: k.ellerbrock@dortmund.ihk.de

Martin Franc, Ph.D., Researcher at the Masaryk Institute and Archives of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gabcikova 2362/10, 182 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic. E-mail: franc@mua.cas.cz

Anneke Geyzen, Researcher, Department of History, Social and Cultural Food Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. E-mail: Anneke.Geyzen@vub.ac.be

Adel P. den Hartog, Ph.D., formerly of the Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Postbox 8129 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands. E-mail: apdenhartog@planet.nl

Tenna Jensen, Ph.D., Postdoctoral researcher, University of Copenhagen SAXO-Institute, Department of History University of Copenhagen. E-mail: tennaje@hum.ku.dk

Gumundur Jnsson, Professor of History at the University of Iceland, School of Humanities, University of Iceland, Arnagardur, 101 Reykjaviki, Iceland. E-mail: gudmjons@hi.is

rn D. Jnsson, School of Business, University of Iceland, Oddi, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland, E-mail: odj@hi.is

Jenny Lee, Ph.D, Researcher in the Department of Economic History, Uppsala University, Sweden. E-mail: jenny@atlanten.se

Sabine Merta, Ph.D., Kleve, Germany. E-mail: sabine.merta@web.de

Derek J. Oddy, Emeritus Professor of Economic and Social History, University of Westminster, London, UK. Mail: 51 Christchurch Avenue, London N12 0DG, UK. E-mail: DerekJOddy@aol.com

Ramon Ramon-Muoz, Ph.D., Lecturer, Department of Economic History and Institutions, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Barcelona, and Research Centre in Economics and Economic History Antoni de Capmany (CEAC), University of Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: ramon@ub.edu

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