Daisy Allyn - Wheels and Axles

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12

Table of Contents

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SCIENCE

Wheels and Axles

Simple Machine Science

Daisy Allyn

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Simple Machine Science

Wheels and Axles

By Daisy Allyn

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Please visit our website, www. garethstevens. com. For a free color catalog of all our high-quality books, call toll free 1-800-542-2595 or fax 1-877-542-2596.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Allyn, Daisy Wheels and axles / by Daisy Allyn. p. cm. ( Simple machine science) Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: Bikes, cars, and more! Moving forward Fun with wheels Easy to turn What is a pulley? What are gears? Singapore flyer. ISBN 978-1-4339-8156-2 ( hardcover) ISBN 978-1-4339-8157-9 ( paperback) ISBN 978-1-4339-8158-6 ( 6-pack) Wheels Juvenile literature Axles Juvenile literature [ Wheels Axles Simple machines] I. Title II. Series 2013 dc23

Published in 2013 by Gareth Stevens Publishing East 14th Street, Suite New York, NY 10003

Copyright 2013 Gareth Stevens Publishing

Designer: Katelyn E. Reynolds Editor: Greg Roza

Photo credits: Cover, p. Hemera/Thinkstock. com; pp. ( background graphics) mike. irwin/ Shutterstock. com; pp. 5, 7, 9, 11, 17, 19, iStockphoto/Thinkstock. com; p. Svetlana Tikhonova/ Shutterstock. com; p. photosync/Shutterstock. com.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer.

Printed in the United States of America

CPSIA compliance information: Batch #CW13GS: For further information contact Gareth Stevens, New York, New York at 1-800-542-2595.

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Contents

Bikes, Cars, and More!

Moving Forward

Fun with Wheels

Wheels at Work

Easy to Turn

What Is a Pulley?

What Are Gears?

Singapore Flyer

Glossary

For More Information

Index

Boldface words appear in the glossary

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Bikes, Cars, and More!

Wheels are simple machines that turn to do work. Wheels spin around a rod called an axle. Your bike has two wheels, and each turns around an axle. Cars have four wheels and two axles. What else uses wheels and axles?

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wheel

axle

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Moving Forward

Wheels and axles change spinning motion into forward motion. The bigger a wheel is, the farther it can go in a single turn. Some trucks have very big wheels. This makes it easier to move heavy loads.

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Fun with Wheels

Wheels and axles make traveling easier and more fun! Bikes arent the only things that use wheels to get around. A skateboard has two axles, and each axle has two wheels. Roller skates have four wheels, too.

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Wheels at Work

Wheels and axles make moving things easier. Instead of pushing a heavy box along the ground, you can use a wagon to move it. Instead of carrying heavy bricks, you can move them in a wheelbarrow.

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Easy to Turn

Some wheels and axles make it easier to turn things. The bigger the wheel, the easier it is to turn the axle. However, bigger wheels have farther to go to get work done. Some wheels have handles that make them easier to turn.

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handle

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A doorknob is a wheel. Its fixed to an axle that opens the door when it turns. It would be hard to open a door if you had to turn just the axle. The knob gives you something to grab and turn.

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axle

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What Is a Pulley?

A pulley is a simple machine that uses a wheel and axle. The wheel has a groove around the outer edge. This groove can hold a rope. When you pull down on one end of the rope, the other end goes up.

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What Are Gears?

Many machines use special wheels called gears. Gears have teeth that fit together. When one gear turns, it turns other gears. The gears all stay put because theyre on axles. Many clocks use gears. So do cars.

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