David Schmidtz - The Oxford Handbook of Freedom

Edited by

DAVID SCHMIDTZ

and

CARMEN E. PAVEL

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Oxford University Press 2018

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CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress

ISBN 9780199989423

eISBN 9780190875572

DAVID SCHMIDTZ AND CARMEN E. PAVEL

DANIEL C. RUSSELL

PIPER L. BRINGHURST AND GERALD GAUS

RALF M. BADER

HILLEL STEINER

ELIZABETH ANDERSON

FRANK LOVETT

DAVID SOBEL

FRED D. MILLER, JR.

DAVID KEYT

EDWARD FESER

ORLANDO PATTERSON

RYAN PATRICK HANLEY

JAMES R. OTTESON

MARK BRYANT BUDOLFSON

STEVEN WALL

MARK PENNINGTON

CARMEN E. PAVEL

JASON BRENNAN

MICHAEL HUEMER

RICHARD J. ARNESON

KYLA EBELS-DUGGAN

DAVID BOONIN

MATT ZWOLINSKI

SERENA OLSARETTI

VIRGIL HENRY STORR

ELIJAH MILLGRAM

EDDY NAHMIAS

ALLEN BUCHANAN

Elizabeth Anderson is Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Richard J. Arneson is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, San Diego.

Ralf M. Bader is a Fellow of Merton College and an Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Oxford.

David Boonin is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Values and Social Policy at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

Jason Brennan is the Robert J and Elizabeth Flanagan Family Chair of Strategy, Economics, Ethics, and Public Policy at the McDonough School of Business, Georgetown University.

Piper L. Bringhurst is a PhD Student in Philosophy at the University of Arizona.

Allen Buchanan is James B. Duke Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Law at Duke University.

Mark Bryant Budolfson is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Vermont.

Kyla Ebels-Duggan is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Northwestern University.

Edward Feser is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College.

Gerald Gaus is the James E. Rogers Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona, and Director of the program in Philosophy, Politics, Economics, and Law.

Ryan Patrick Hanley is Mellon Distinguished Professor of Political Science at Marquette University.

Michael Huemer is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

David Keyt is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Washington and Research Professor at the University of Arizona.

Frank Lovett is Associate Professor of Political Science, and Director of Legal Studies at Washington University in St. Louis.

Fred D. Miller Jr. is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and Executive Director of the Social Philosophy and Policy Center at Bowling Green State University.

Elijah Millgram is E. E. Ericksen Professor of Philosophy at the University of Utah.

Eddy Nahmias is Professor of Philosophy and Associate Faculty at the Neuroscience Institute at Georgia State University.

Serena Olsaretti is ICREA Research Professor in the Law Department at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.

James R. Otteson is Thomas W. Smith Presidential Chair in Business Ethics and Professor of Economics at Wake Forest University.

Orlando Patterson is John Cowles Chair in Sociology at Harvard University.

Carmen E. Pavel is Lecturer in International Politics, Kings College, London, author of Divided Sovereignty: International Institutions and the Limits of State Authority (Oxford University Press, 2015), and Associate Editor of Social Philosophy & Policy.

Mark Pennington is Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy at Kings College London, UK.

Daniel C. Russell is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona.

David Schmidtz is Kendrick Professor of Philosophy, Eller Chair of Service-Dominant Logic, editor-in-chief of Social Philosophy & Policy, and founding Head of the Department of Political Economy and Moral Science at the University of Arizona.

David Sobel is Irwin and Marjorie Guttag Professor of Ethics and Political Philosophy at Syracuse University.

Hillel Steiner is Emeritus Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Manchester, UK, and Fellow of the British Academy.

Virgil Henry Storr Research Associate Professor of Economics and Director of Graduate Student Programs in the Mercatus Center at George Mason University.

Steven Wall is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona.

Matt Zwolinski is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Center for Ethics, Economics, and Public Policy at the University of San Diego.

DAVID SCHMIDTZ AND CARMEN E. PAVEL

NEARLY everyone would say freedom is a good thing, but not everyone who says that would mean the same thing, partly because terms like freedom or liberty have so many time-honored uses.

We talk of being at liberty to speak our minds, go to college, and open a bank account. Are these the same? We speak of being cancer-free, debt-free, and worry-free. We speak of being free from doubt, free from pressure, and free from prison. Different threats lead us to focus on different meanings. This volume reflects on freedoms various dimensions: legal, cultural, religious, economic, political, and psychological.

We cover current theoretical developments and key historical trends, but not with any particular checklist in mind. Rather, we found interesting authors and turned them loose to do what it was in their veins to do. Fred Miller and David Keyt proposed to write on freedom in the ancient world. Orlando Patterson wanted to reflect on freedom from the remarkable and relatively unknown perspective of renaissance Florence. Elizabeth Anderson wanted to recast the tension between freedom and equality. Eddy Nahmias wanted to discuss free will as a psychological accomplishment.

In many ways, the volume represents the culmination of long histories of asking questions about the nature of freedom. The questions themselves are not free floating, but come out of lived experiences in which individual and groups have been denied freedom in its many forms. Answering questions about freedom appropriately is not merely an academic exercise, but a way of ensuring peoples lives go better.