Blom - apleys system of orthopedics and fracture trauma 10th 2021 (Apleys Orthopaedics)

Apley and Solomons System of Orthopaedics and Trauma Alan Graham Apley 19141996 Louis Solomon 19282014 Inspired teachers, wise mentors and joyful friends Ashley W. Blom MBChB MD PhD FRCS FRCS (Tr&Orth) Head of Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical School University of Bristol Bristol, UK David Warwick MD BM FRCS FRCS(Orth) Eur Dip Hand Surg Honorary Professor and Consultant Hand Surgeon University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton Southampton, UK Michael R. Whitehouse PhD MSc(Orth Eng) BSc(Hons) PGCert(TLHE) FRCS(Tr&Orth) FHEA Consultant Senior Lecturer in Trauma and Orthopaedics University of Bristol and North Bristol NHS Trust Musculoskeletal Research Unit Southmead Hospital Bristol, UK Apley and Solomons System of Orthopaedics and Trauma Tenth Edition CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 2018 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-5167-4 (Pack Book and eBook) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-5177-3 (Paperback; restricted territorial availability) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. While all reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publishers wish to make clear that any views or opinions expressed in this book by individual editors, authors or contributors are personal to them and do not necessarily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers.

The information or guidance contained in this book is intended for use by medical, scientific or health-care professionals and is provided strictly as a supplement to the medical or other professionals own judgement, their knowledge of the patients medical history, relevant manufacturers instructions and the appropriate best practice guidelines. Because of the rapid advances in medical science, any information or advice on dosages, procedures or diagnoses should be independently verified. The reader is strongly urged to consult the relevant national drug formulary and the drug companies and device or material manufacturers printed instructions, and their websites, before administering or utilizing any of the drugs, devices or materials mentioned in this book. This book does not indicate whether a particular treatment is appropriate or suitable for a particular individual. Ultimately it is the sole responsibility of the medical professional to make his or her own professional judgements, so as to advise and treat patients appropriately. The authors and publishers have also attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained.

If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users.

For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Blom, Ashley, editor. | Warwick, David, 1962- editor. | Whitehouse, Michael (Michael R.), editor. | Preceded by (work): Solomon, Louis.

Apleys system of orthopaedics and fractures. Title: Apley & Solomons system of orthopaedics and trauma / [edited by] Ashley Blom, David Warwick, Michael Whitehouse. Other titles: Apley and Solomons system of orthopaedics and trauma | System of orthopaedics and trauma. Description: Tenth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2017] | Preceded by Apleys system of orthopaedics and fractures / Louis Solomon, David Warwick, Selvadurai Nayagam. 2010. 2010.

Identifiers: LCCN 2016059350 (print) | LCCN 2016059955 (ebook) | ISBN 9781498751674 (hardback bundle : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781498751773 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781498751711 (eBook VitalSource) | ISBN 9781498751704 (eBook PDF). Subjects: | MESH: Orthopedic Procedures | Musculoskeletal System--injuries | Fracture Fixationmethods. Classification: LCC RD731 (print) | LCC RD731 (ebook) | NLM WE 168 | DDC 616.7--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016059350 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com DEDICATION To Louis from your friends and colleagues on behalf of the thousands of patients who have benefitted from your lifetimes work CONTENTS Louis Solomon & Charles WakeleyEnrique Gmez-BarrenaChristopher EdwardsPaul Creamer & Dimitris KassimosPaul Dieppe & Ashley BlomJason Mansell & Michael WhitehouseEmma Clark & Jon TobiasFergal Monsell, Martin Gargan, Deborah Eastwood,James Turner & Ryan KatchkyJonathan Stevenson & Michael ParryDeborah EastwoodMichael Fox, David Warwick & H.

SrinivasanMichael Whitehouse, David Warwick & Ashley BlomAndrew ColeAdam Watts & David WarwickDavid Warwick & Roderick DunnDavid WarwickJorge Mineiro & Nuno LanaRobert Dunn & Nicholas KrugerMartin Gargan, Ashley Blom, Stephen A. Jones,Amy Behman & Simon KelleyAndrew Price, Nick Bottomley & William JacksonGavin Bowyer & Mike UglowDavid Sutton & Max JonasBoyko Gueorguiev, Fintan T. Moriarty, Martin Stoddart,Yves P. Acklin, R. Geoff Richards & Michael WhitehouseAndrew ColeAdam Watts & David Warwick Childrens sections: Mike Uglow, Joanna ThomasDavid Warwick & Adam Watts Childrens sections: Joanna ThomasDavid WarwickRobert Dunn & Nicholas KrugerGorav DattaRichard Baker & Michael WhitehouseNick HowellsGavin Bowyer STNETN CO viii Yves Acklin