ASIAS
ENVIRONMENTAL
MOVEMENTS
ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
series editor: Mark Selden
This new series explores the most dynamic and contested region of the world, including contributions on political, economic, cultural, and social change in modern and contemporary Asia and the Pacific.
ASIAS ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS
Comparative Perspectives
edited by Yok-shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. so
CENSORING HISTORY
Perspectives on Nationalism and War in the Twentieth Century
edited by Laura Hein and Mark Selden
CHINAS WORKERS UNDER ASSAULT
Anita Chan
THE CONTENTIOUS CHINESE
Elizabeth J. Perry
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT
The Case of China
Wang Shaoguang and Hu Angang
THEATER AND SOCIETY
An Anthology of Contemporary Chinese Drama
edited by Haiping Yan
WOMEN IN REPUBLICAN CHINA
A Sourcebook
edited by Lan Hua and Vanessa Fong
ASIAS ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTS
Comparative Perspectives
Yok-shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. So
Editor
An East Gate Book
First published 1999 by M.E. Sharpe
Published 2015 by Routledge
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Copyright 1999 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Asias environmental movements: comparative perspectives / edited by Yok-shiu Lee and Alvin Y. So.
p. cm.(Asia and the Pacific)
An East Gate book.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0563249081 (cloth: alk. paper)ISBN 156324900X (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. EnvironmentalismAsia. 2. EnvironmentalismAsiaCase studies. 3. Environmental policyAsia. I. Lee, Yok-shiu. II. So, Alvin Y., 1953. III. Series: Asia and the Pacific (Armonk, N.Y.)
GE199.A78A784 1998
363.70095dc21
9912310
CIP
ISBN 13: 9781563249099 (pbk)
ISBN 13: 9781563249082 (hbk)
Contents
Yok-shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. So
Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao
Stephen Wing-Kai Chiu, Ho-Fung Hung, and On-Kwok Lai
Su-Hoon Lee
Alvin Y. So and Yok-shiu F. Lee
Francisco A. Magno
Andrew Szasz
Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, On-Kwok Lai, Hwa-Jen Liu, Francisco A. Magno, Laura Edles, and Alvin Y. So
Su-Hoon Lee, Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, Hwa-Jen Liu, On-KwokLai, Francisco A. Magno, and Alvin Y. So
Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, Hwa-Jen Liu, Su-Hoon Lee, On-Kwok Lai, and Yok-shiu F. Lee
On-KwokLai, Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, Hwa-Jen Liu, Somrudee Nicro, and Yok-shiu F. Lee
Yok-shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. So
This project was truly collaborative in nature right from the beginning and throughout its life. The project was conceived in early 1995 when we, in response to a research grant program that encouraged collaborative research projects between the East-West Center and the University of Hawaii, were trying to identify a significant issue in the Asia-Pacific region that could bring together our respective research interests: environment and sociology. We then identified environmental movements in Asia as an emerging social phenomenon that had enormous social and political implications but whose patterns of social and cultural origins had yet to be fully understood. Moreover, given Asias extremely diverse social, cultural, and political backgrounds, we believed that the contours and consequences of environmentalism in the region could only be fruitfully explored from a comparative perspective. We therefore invited researchers from several Asian societiesSouth Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Thailand, and the Philippineswhere some forms of environmental movements could be discerned. We also invited an American sociologist to examine the Asian experiences collectively from the U.S. perspective.
We are thus very grateful to the case study coordinators. The project would not have been possible without their enthusiasm and full cooperation. From preparing the preliminary case study papers to contributing to the comparative analyses, they were actively involved in every phase of the project. While we have prepared the overall project research framework, the research framework for the comparative analyses was the product of intensive and extensive discussion among all the participants in our first workshop. All the case study coordinators were in fact brought together at two international workshops where the preliminary case study papers, the revised case study papers, and the comparative analyses were critiqued and suggestions made for their revision. Through these workshops all the project participants have therefore contributed to the entire manuscript in one form or another, making this edited volume a truly collaborative product.
We are grateful to the following organizations for awarding us research and conference grants: University of HawaiiEast-West Center Collaborative Research Grant Committee, Department of Sociology at the University of Hawaii, and the Hui Oi-Chow Trust Fund at the University of Hong Kong. Their financial support has made it possible for all the project participants to meet at two international workshops, the first one held at the East-West Center in November 1995 and the second one at the University of Hong Kong in February 1997.
We would like to thank our colleagues at several institutions for their support for and interest in the project and its two workshops. At the East-West Center, Bruce Koppel and Terry Rambo took an early interest in the project and gave us encouraging words and unfailing support throughout its life. As discussants, James Nickum and Michael Dove (of the East-West Center) and Herb Barringer (of the University of Hawaii) made invaluable contributions in the first workshop. At the University of Hong Kong, Victor Sit and C.Y. Jim gave their full support to see the project through to its fruitful completion. At the second workshop, useful comments for the project were offered by Simon S.C. Chau, Ho Kin-Chung, Man Si-Wai, Ng Cho-Nam, Clement Lam, and Yan Wing-Lok. Moreover, the two workshops would not have been successfully organized without the efficient administrative and logistical support provided by June Kuramoto and Karen Yamamoto at the East-West Center and Tommy Liu at the University of Hong Kong. Furthermore, we would like to thank the following graduate students for their assistance in organizing the two workshops: Miroo Brewer, Shelly Habel, Alyssa Miller, Cecilia Yuen, and Lee Ka-Man.
