The Struggle over Democracy in the Middle East
Many residents of the Middle Eastand more recently, Western powershave placed great hope in democratization in the region. Yet authoritarianism remains the norm, and movement toward democracy is both slow and uneven.
Written primarily by experts from the region, The Struggle over Democracy in the Middle East examines democracy and democratization in the light of regional realities rather than the wishful thinking of outsiders. Specialists from the Middle East analyze democratic prospects in the region, while accomplished scholars from the United States and the United Kingdom analyze Western policy, providing a wide-ranging survey of the efforts of individual countries and the effect of external influences. Addressing themes including sectarianism, culture, religion, security, and the promotion of democracy, the book examines the experiences of activists, political parties, religious groups, and governments and highlights the difficulties involved in bringing democracy to the Middle East. Providing a multifaceted approach to the issue of democratization, this book will be a valuable reference for courses on Middle Eastern politics, political science, and democracy.
Nathan J. Brown is a professor of political science and international affairs at the George Washington University, where he is the director of the Institute for Middle East Studies. He also serves as a non-resident senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Emad El-Din Shahin is the Luce Professor of Religion, Conflict and Peace-building at the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at Notre Dame University. He was a visiting associate professor at the department of government at Harvard University (2006-2009), and associate professor in the political science department at the American University in Cairo. He specializes in Islam and politics, Arab and Muslim political thought, and political reform in the Middle East.
UCLA Center for Middle East Development (CMED) series
Series editors: Steven Spiegel, UCLA and Elizabeth Matthews, California State University, San Marcos
The UCLA Center for Middle East Development (CMED) series on Middle East security and cooperation is designed to present a variety of perspectives on a specific topic, such as democracy in the Middle East, dynamics of Israeli Palestinian relations, Gulf security, and the gender factor in the Middle East. The uniqueness of the series is that the authors write from the viewpoint of a variety of countries so that, no matter what the issue, articles appear from many different states, both within and beyond the region. No existing series provides a comparable, multinational collection of authors in each volume. Thus, the series presents a combination of writers from different countries who, for political reasons, do not always publish in the same volume. The series features a number of subthemes under a single heading, covering security, social, political, and economic factors affecting the Middle East.
1 The Struggle over Democracy in the Middle East
Regional politics and external policies
Edited by Nathan J. Brown and Emad El-Din Shahin
The Struggle over Democracy in
the Middle East
Regional politics and external policies
Edited By
Nathan J. Brown and Emad El-Din Shahin
First published 2010
by Routledge
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Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
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2010 Editorial selection and matter Nathan J. Brown and Emad El-Din Shahin; individual chapters the contributors
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
The struggle over democracy in the Middle East : regional politics and external policies / [edited by] Nathan J. Brown and Emad El-Din Shahin.
p. cm. (UCLA Center for Middle East Development (CMED) series ; 1)
Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. DemocratizationArab countries. 2. DemocratizationMiddle East. 3. DemocracyArab countries. 4. DemocracyMiddle East. 5. Arab countries Politics and government19456. Middle EastPolitics and government 1979- I. Brown, Nathan J. II. Shahin, Emad El-Din
JQ1850.A91S77 2009
320.956dc22
2009012469
ISBN 0-203-86987-7 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 978-0-415-77379-9 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-415-77380-5 (pbk)
ISBN 978-0-203-86987-1 (ebk)
Illustrations
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Contributors
Shlomo Avineri is professor of political science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He served as director general of Israels Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the first cabinet of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, and has been involved in democracy-enhancement projects in post-communist countries in Eastern Europe.
Nathan J. Brown is professor of political science and international affairs at the George Washington University where he directs its Institute for Middle East Studies; he also serves as non-resident senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Shadi Hamid is vice chair of the Washington-based Project on Middle East Democracy (POMED), and was formerly the organizations director of research. He has also served as a program specialist on public diplomacy at the US Department of State and as a legislative fellow at the Office of US Senator Dianne Feinstein.
Amy Hawthorne is the founding director of the Hollings Center for International Dialogue and a former associate at the Carnegie Endowment.
Ersin Kalaycioglu is a full professor at Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey, and a student of comparative and Turkish politics.
Azza Karam is a senior advisor at the United Nations Population Fund in New York. Her areas of specialization are political Islam, international religiouscultural dynamics, transitional conflict, gender and human rights.
Walid Kazziha is chairman of the department of political science at the American University in Cairo. He gained his PhD from the London School of Oriental and African Studies. His main field of specialization is Middle East affairs, and his more recent publications have been in the area of political representation and democratization in the Arab world.
Bassel F. Salloukh is assistant professor of political science in the social sciences department at the Lebanese American University (LAU) in Beirut, Lebanon. He is also a non-resident senior researcher at the Interuniversity Consortium for Arab and Middle East Studies, Montral, Canada. His research interests include post-war state building and democratization in Lebanon, electoral engineering in divided societies, and changing regional alignments in the Middle East.