Real Governance and Practical Norms in Sub-Saharan Africa
Although international development discourse considers the state as a crucial development actor, there remains a significant discrepancy between the official norms of the state and public services and the actual practices of political elites and civil servants.
This book interrogates the variety of ways in which state policies and legal norms have been translated into the set of practical norms which makes up real governance in sub-Saharan Africa. It argues that the concept of practical norms is an appropriate tool for an ethnographic investigation of public bureaucracies, interactions between civil servants and users, and the daily functioning of the state in Africa. It demonstrates that practical norms are usually different from official norms, complementing, bypassing and even contradicting them. In addition, it explores the positive and negative effects of different aspects of this real governance.
This text will be of key interest to academics, students and researchers in the fields of development, political science, anthropology and development studies, African studies, international comparative studies, implementation studies and public policy.
Tom De Herdt is Senior Lecturer in political and institutional aspects of development and Chair of the Institute of Development Policy and Management, University of Antwerp.
Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan is Senior Researcher at LASDEL, Niamey, Niger, Professor of Anthropology at the cole des Hautes tudes en Sciences Sociales in Marseilles and Emeritus Director of Research at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Routledge studies in African politics and international relations
Edited by Daniel C. Bach
Emile Durkheim Centre for Comparative Politics and Sociology, Sciences Po Bordeaux
1 Neopatrimonialism in Africa and Beyond
Edited by Daniel Bach and Mamoudou Gazibo
2 African Agency in International Politics
Edited by William Brown and Sophie Harman
3 The Politics of Elite Corruption in Africa
Roger Tangri and Andrew M. Mwenda
4 Reconstructing the Authoritarian State in Africa
George Klay Kieh, Jr. and Pita Ogaba Agbese
5 Critical Perspectives on African Politics
Liberal interventions, state-building and civil society
Edited by Clive Gabay and Carl Death
6 Homegrown Development in Africa
Reality or illusion?
Chukwumerije Okereke and Patricia Agupusi
7 Real Governance and Practical Norms in Sub-Saharan Africa
The game of the rules
Edited by Tom De Herdt and Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan
Real Governance and Practical Norms in Sub-Saharan Africa
The game of the rules
Edited by Tom De Herdt and
Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan
First published 2015
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2015 selection and editorial matter, Tom De Herdt and Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Tom De Herdt and Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan to be identified as the author of the editorial matter, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Real governance and practical norms in sub-Saharan Africa: the game of the rules / edited by Tom de Herdt and Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan.
pages cm. (Routledge studies in African politics and international
relations)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Public administrationAfrica, Sub-Saharan. 2. BureaucracyAfrica,
Sub-Saharan. 3. Civil serviceAfrica, Sub-Saharan. 4. Administrative
agenciesAfrica, Sub-Saharan 5. Political cultureAfrica, Sub-Saharan.
I. Herdt, Tom de, editor of compilation, author. II. Olivier de Sardan,
Jean-Pierre, editor of compilation, author.
JQ1875.R34 2015
351.967dc23
2014046347
ISBN: 978-1-138-85258-7 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-72336-5 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear
Contents
TOM DE HERDT AND JEAN-PIERRE OLIVIER DE SARDAN |
|
JEAN-PIERRE OLIVIER DE SARDAN |
|
JEAN-PIERRE OLIVIER DE SARDAN |
TOM DE HERDT |
|
ERIC KOMLAVI HAHONOU |
|
GIORGIO BLUNDO |
|
FRDRIC LE MARCIS AND JULIEN GRARD |
|
TOMAS MAX MARTIN |
|
FRANCES CLEAVER |
|
SARA GEENEN |
|
BENJAMIN RUBBERS AND EMILIE GALLEZ |
Giorgio Blundo is Professor of Social and Political Anthropology at the cole des Hautes tudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) in Marseilles. He is currently carrying out two research projects from the perspective of an anthropology of public service delivery and governance: an ethnography of forest services in Niger and Senegal, and a study of the transnational brokers of good governance policies in Senegal.
Frances Cleaver is Professor of Environment and Development in the Geography Department of Kings College, London. Her work is concerned with understanding institutions and the way that they shape governance, service delivery, poverty and wellbeing. Empirically her work focuses on the community level management of natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in zimbabwe and Tanzania.
Tom De Herdt is Senior Lecturer and Chair of the Institute of Development Policy and Management at the University of Antwerp, Belgium. He teaches and researches on poverty and inequality, and on local governance of public services, with an empirical focus on sub-Saharan African countries and, more particularly, the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Emilie Gallez is a research fellow at the University of Lige, Belgium. In 20102011, she was responsible for managing and coordinating research on the reform of local justice in Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo. She currently resides in Lubumbashi.
Sara Geenen is Post-Doctoral Research Fellow from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Belgium and affiliated with the Institute of Development Policy and Management, University of Antwerp. Her PhD research concentrated on the political economy of artisanal gold mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo. She continues to do research on (artisanal and industrial) mining and governance, from a predominantly local perspective.
Julien Grard is a social anthropologist. A member of the IRIS (UMR8156-U997), he has been working on mental health since 2004. He has also been working in South Africa, focusing on the moral aspects of care. He is now conducting research on recovery, taking narratives and everyday experiences of people suffering from mental disorders in France as a starting point.