Routledge Revivals
Contemporary Terror
First published in 1981, this book contains papers on terrorism, presented to the International School on Disarmament and Research on Conflicts (ISO-DARCO). The subject is a complex one as one mans terrorist is another mans freedom-fighter. No simple solution exist to the threat to domestic and international stability posed by the increased use of violence employed by various politically-motivated groups, challenging the authority of sovereign states.
Many of the worlds leading authorities on terrorism and sub-state violence are among the contributors here, including J. Bowyer Bell, Jillian Becker, and Alessandro Silj, and participants come from a wide range of countries and professions. This book will be of interest to students of conflict and international relations, as well as policy-makers at many levels, and the general public in many countries.
Contemporary Terror
Studies in Sub-State Violence
David Carlton and Carlo Schaerf
First published in 1981
This edition first published in 2015 by Routledge
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1981 International School on Disarmament and Research on Conflicts Seventh Course
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
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The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.
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The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact.
A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 86672304
ISBN 13: 978-1-138-91664-7 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-1-315-68949-4 (ebk)
CONTEMPORARY
TERROR
Studies in Sub-State Violence
Edited by
David Carlton and Carlo Schaerf
International School on Disarmament
and Research on Conflicts Seventh Course 1981
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission
First published 1981 by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
London and Basingstoke Companies and representatives throughout the world
ISBN 0 333 27207 2
Typeset in Great Britain by Scarborough Typesetting Services and printed in Hong Kong
Contents
William F. Gutteridge
J. Bowyer Bell
Bernard T. Feld
Yonah Alexander
Werner Pfeifenberger
Clive C. Aston
David Carlton
Jillian Becker
Alessandro Silj
Frank Wright
J. Bowyer Bell
The papers in this volume were presented to the seventh course of the International School on Disarmament and Research on Conflicts (ISODARCO), held in Ariccia, Italy, between 18 and 27 August 1978.
The organisation of the course was made possible by the generous collaboration and financial contributions of many organisations and individuals.
For their financial contributions we wish to express our gratitude to:
The Ford Foundation, in particular Enid Schoettle;
The Italian National Research Council: Commission for International Affairs; National Committee for Juridicial and Political Science;
The Italian Ministry of Cultural Affairs;
The University of Rome, in particular Professor Antonio Ruberti, Professor Giorgio Tecce and Professor Marcello Beneventano.
We wish to acknowledge the dedicated collaboration before and during the course of Mimma Mauro, Gabriella Fascetti and Maurella dela Seta. For administrative work our thanks are due to Fernando Pacciani and Luciano Fiore.
For hospitality in Ariccia we are indebted to the Centro Studi.
The editors wish to thank the Westview Press for permission to reprint two articles and Richard Karz (publishers) for permission with respect to one article.
All opinions expressed in the papers and in the Summary of Discussions are of a purely private nature and do not necessarily represent the official view of either the organisers of the School or of the organisations to which the writers may be affiliated.
D. C.
C. S.
Yonah Alexander (US) is Professor of International Studies and Director of the Institute for Studies in International Terrorism at the State University of New York at Oneonta and, concurrently, Research Associate at the Center for International and Strategic Studies at Georgetown University. He is editor-in-chief of Terrorism: An International Journal. He is editor of International Terrorism: National, Regional, and Global Perspectives (1976) and co-editor of Terrorism: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (1977) and of Terrorism: Theory and Practice (1979).
Clive C. Aston (Canadian) is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of London. His thesis is provisionally entitled The Social Impact of Political Hostage-Taking in Europe since 1968. He was awarded a B.A. degree by the University of British Columbia in 1975 and an M.Sc. degree by the University of London in 1977.
Jillian Becker (British) is author of Hitlers Children: The Story of the Baader-Meinhof Terrorist Gang (1977). This work has been translated into French, German, Dutch, Danish, Norwegian, Spanish, Portuguese and Japanese. On the subject of terrorism she has in addition published numerous articles, given lectures and has broadcast on radio and television to many part of the world. She is also a novelist with a special interest in South African themes.
J. Bowyer Bell (US) is Senior Research Associate at the Institute of War and Peace Studies, Columbia University. He has written nine books and fifty articles on war, revolution and political violence. His most recent work is A Time of Terror: How Democratic Countries Respond to Revolutionary Violence (1978). He holds a Ph.D. degree from Duke University and has been awarded, at various times, a Fulbright Fellowship, a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Ford Foundation Grant.
David Carlton (British) (co-editor) is Senior Lecturer in Diplomatic History at the Polytechnic of North London. He holds a Ph.D. degree from the University of London. He is author of MacDonald versus Henderson: The Foreign Policy of the Second Labour Government (Macmillan: London, 1970) and of numerous articles on modern international politics. He is co-editor of three previous volumes in this series, The Dynamics of the Arms Race; International Terrorism and World Security; and Arms Control and Technological Innovation (Croom Helm: London; John Wiley: New York, 19757). He is associate editor of Terrorism: An International Journal.
Bernard T. Feld (US) is Professor of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a former Secretary-General of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. He has written widely on problems of arms control and is currently editor-in-chief of the
