ETHNOGRAPHIES REVISITED
Ethnographies Revisited provides first-hand accounts of how leading qualitative researchers crafted key theoretical concepts found in their major book-length ethnographies. Great ethnographic research lies not in the rigid execution of prescribed methodological procedures, but on the unrelenting cultivation of theoretical ideas. These contributors focus squarely on this neglected topic, providing reflexive accounts of how research decisions were made in light of emerging theoretical questions.
The continuous generation of creative concepts is arguably the most important skill in developing powerful results in field research, since the originality of the ideas produced is how the study is ultimately judged. Yet, this topic is often taken for granted, treated rigidly and artificially, or is entirely absent from existing qualitative research manuals. In contrast, this volume offers candid insights into how leading ethnographers generated their initial questions, chose their research sites, made theoretical and methodological adjustments, and oriented their research to maximize the conceptual payoff, leading to such successful research contributions. This provides a fresh approach to the topic of qualitative research, by linking practical decisions in the field to the dynamic features of theory in the making, told through the first-hand experiences of some of the best ethnographers in our field.
Antony J. Puddephatt is Assistant Professor of Sociology at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.
William Shaffir is Professor of Sociology at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Steven W. Kleinknecht is Assistant Professor of Sociology at Brescia University College in London, Ontario, Canada.
ETHNOGRAPHIES REVISITED
Constructing theory in the field
Edited by
Antony J. Puddephatt,
William Shaffir and
Steven W. Kleinknecht
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2009
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the U.S.A. and Canada
by Routledge
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Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2009.
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2009 Edited by Antony Puddephatt, William Shaffir, and Steven Kleinknecht
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in
any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Ethnographies revisited : constructing theory in the field / edited by Antony
Puddephatt, William Shaffir and Steven Kleinknecht.
p. cm.
1. EthnologyResearch. 2. EthnologyMethodology. I. Puddephatt, Antony.
II. Shaffir, William. III. Kleinknecht, Steven.
GN345.E74 2009
305.8'00723dc22
2008051498
ISBN 0-203-87650-4 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 978-0-415-45220-5 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-415-45221-2 (pbk)
ISBN 978-0-203-87650-3 (ebk)
TO IRENE, FOR HER LOVE AND SUPPORT.
ANTONY PUDDEPHATT
TO MY FAMILY AND ITS NEWEST MEMBER, NOAM YANIV.
WILLIAM SHAFFIR
FOR AMANDA, LINCOLN, AND LAUREN.
STEVEN KLEINKNECHT
CONTENTS
ANTONY PUDDEPHATT, WILLIAM SHAFFIR AND STEVEN KLEINKNECHT
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DAVID A. KARP
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KATHY CHARMAZ
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CLINTON R. SANDERS
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ROBERT R. FAULKNER
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WILL C. VAN DEN HOONAARD
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DANIEL ALBAS AND CHERYL ALBAS
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JABER F. GUBRIUM
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LOC WACQUANT
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NORMAN K. DENZIN
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ROBERT A. STEBBINS
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TREVOR PINCH
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SAMUEL HEILMAN
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WILLIAM SHAFFIR
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PATRICIA A. ADLER AND PETER ADLER
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ROBERT PRUS
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DANIEL F. CHAMBLISS
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DONILEEN R. LOSEKE
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JENNIFER L. DUNN
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HARRY COLLINS
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LAUREL RICHARDSON
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DOROTHY PAWLUCH
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NACHMAN BEN-YEHUDA
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CONTRIBUTORS
Peter and Patti Adler have written and worked together for over 35 years. Patti (Ph.D., University of California, San Diego) is Professor of Sociology at the University of Colorado. Peter (Ph.D., University of California, San Diego) is Professor of Sociology at the University of Denver, where he served as chair from 198793. Their interests include qualitative methods, deviant behavior, drugs and society, sociology of sport, sociology of children, social theory, work and occupations, and leisure. Together, they have published numerous articles and books, including Momentum (Sage, 1981), Wheeling and Dealing (Columbia University Press, 1985, Second Edition 1993), Membership Roles in Field Research (Sage, 1987), Backboards and Blackboards (Columbia University Press, 1991), and Peer Power (Rutgers University Press, 1998). The Adlers have served as editors of the Journal of Contemporary Ethnography (198694) and as the founding editors of Sociological Studies of Child Development (198592). Their co-edited anthologies include Constructions of Deviance (Wadsworth), now in its sixth edition, and Sociological Odyssey (Wadsworth), now in its third edition. Their book on self-injurers is forthcoming with NYU Press. In 20067, they served as Co-Presidents of the Midwest Sociological Society. Partners in life as well as scholarship, Daniel Albas (Ph.D., Colorado) and
Cheryl Albas (Ph.D., Colorado) have developed their academic careers at the University of Manitoba. They have directed much of their scholarly activity to the study of student worlds, and published in a wide variety of national and international journals in sociology, psychology, and education on matters pertaining to student perspectives on university life: study strategies, impression management, the use of magic as a confidence-generating mechanism in the examination context; and other aspects of student identities, relationships, and emotions. They have also published on topics such as romantic relationships, the management of space and place, and a series of conceptually focused analyses dealing with diverse matters of modesty, motives, and aligning behaviors.
A graduate of the University of Chicago, Nachman Ben-Yehudas work has focused on unconventional behavior from Durkheimian and constructionist perspectives. His work raises the age-old Hobbesian question how is the social order possible? by focusing on the Hegelian concept of antithesis. This general plot is occasioned by directing attention to how, why, where and when challenges to the status quo emerge and function as catalysts for processes of social change or stability. By examining that which is considered as deviant, we gain interesting and insightful glimpses into the nature of the non-deviant social order and of cultures. His books have focused on betrayal and treason, the Masada myth, political assassinations, politics and deviance, the European witch craze, deviant sciences and scientists, and the use of archaeology for national purposes. He is currently working on a new book on moral panics (with Erich Goode) and on unconventional behavior amongst fundamentalists. Prof. Ben-Yehuda has been with the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Hebrew University throughout his career.