Ordering Lives
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE SOCIAL SCIENCES: UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL CHANGE
This book is part of a series produced in association with The Open University. The complete list of books in the series is as follows:
Questioning Identity: Gender, Class, Ethnicity
edited by Kath Woodward
The Natural and the Social: Uncertainty, Risk, Change
edited by Steve Hinchliffe and Kath Woodward
Ordering Lives: Family, Work and Welfare
edited by Gordon Hughes and Ross Fergusson
A Globalizing World? Culture, Economics, Politics
edited by David Held
Knowledge and the Social Sciences: Theory, Method, Practice
edited by David Goldblatt
The books form part of the Open University courses DD100 and DD121/DD122 An Introduction to the Social Sciences: Understanding Social Change. Details of these and other Open University courses can be obtained from the Course Information and Advice Centre, PO Box 724, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6ZS, United Kingdom: tel. +44 (0)1908 653231, e-mail general-enquiries@open.ac.uk
Alternatively, you may visit the Open University website at http://www.open.ac.uk where you can learn more about the wide range of courses and packs offered at all levels by The Open University.
For availability of other course components visit the webshop at www.ouw.co.uk, or contact Open University Worldwide, Michael Young Building, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom for a brochure. tel. +44 (0)1908 858785; fax +44 (0)1908 858787; e-mail ouwenq@open.ac.uk
First published 2000 by Routledge; written and produced by The Open University
Second edition 2004
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2000, 2004 The Open University
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ISBN 978-0-415-32971-2 (hbk)
ISBN 978-0-415-32972-9 (pbk)
ISBN 978-0-203-39218-8 (ebk)
2.1
Contents
Ross Fergusson and Gordon Hughes
John Allen
Norma Sherratt and Gordon Hughes
Graham Dawson
Ross Fergusson, Gordon Hughes and Sarah Neal
Gordon Hughes and Ross Fergusson
The Open University course team
John Allen, Professor of Geography
Penny Bennett, Editor
Pam Berry, Compositor
Simon Bromley, Senior Lecturer in Government
Lydia Chant, Course Manager
Stephen Clift, Editor
Allan Cochrane, Professor of Public Policy
Lene Connolly, Print Buying Controller
Jonathan Davies, Graphic Designer
Graham Dawson, Lecturer in Economics
Ross Fergusson, Staff Tutor in Social Policy
Fran Ford, Senior Course Co-ordination Secretary
Ian Fribbance, Staff Tutor in Economics
David Goldblatt, Co-Course Team Chair
Richard Golden, Production and Presentation Administrator
Jenny Gove, Lecturer in Psychology
Peter Hamilton, Lecturer in Sociology
Celia Hart, Picture Researcher
David Held, Professor of Politics and Sociology
Susan Himmelweit, Professor of Economics
Stephen Hinchliffe, Lecturer in Geography
Wendy Hollway, Professor of Psychology
Gordon Hughes, Senior Lecturer in Social Policy
Wendy Humphreys, Staff Tutor in Government
Jonathan Hunt, Co-publishing Advisor
Christina Janoszka, Course Manager
Pat Jess, Staff Tutor in Geography
Bob Kelly, Staff Tutor in Government
Margaret Kiloh, Staff Tutor in Social Policy
Sylvia Lay-Flurrie, Secretary
Gail Lewis, Senior Lecturer in Social Policy
Sin Lewis, Graphic Designer
Liz McFall, Lecturer in Sociology
Tony McGrew, Professor of International Relations, University of Southampton
Hugh Mackay, Staff Tutor in Sociology
Maureen Mackintosh, Professor of Economics
Eugene McLaughlin, Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Social Policy
Andrew Metcalf, Senior Producer, BBC
Gerry Mooney, Staff Tutor in Social Policy
Lesley Moore, Senior Course Co-ordination Secretary
Ray Munns, Graphic Artist
Karim Murji, Senior Lecturer in Sociology
Sarah Neal, Lecturer in Social Policy
Kathy Pain, Staff Tutor in Geography
Clive Pearson, Tutor Panel
Ann Phoenix, Professor of Psychology
Lynn Poole, Tutor Panel
Raia Prokhovnik, Senior Lecturer in Government
Norma Sherratt, Staff Tutor in Sociology
Roberto Simonetti, Lecturer in Economics
Dick Skellington, Project Officer
Brenda Smith, Staff Tutor in Psychology
Mark Smith, Senior Lecturer in Government
Matt Staples, Course Manager
Grahame Thompson, Professor of Political Economy
Ken Thompson, Professor of Sociology
Diane Watson, Staff Tutor in Sociology
Stuart Watt, Lecturer in Psychology
Andy Whitehead, Graphic Artist
Kath Woodward, Course Team Chair, Senior Lecturer in Sociology
Chris Wooldridge, Editor
External Assessor
Nigel Thrift, Professor of Geography, University of Oxford