M. F. (Milburg Francisco) Mansfield - The Cathedrals and Churches of the Rhine

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---

C OLOGNE CATHEDRAL

THE CATHEDRALS AND
CHURCHES OF THE RHINE

By FRANCIS MILTOUN

AUTHOR OF "THE CATHEDRALS OF NORTHERN FRANCE," "THE CATHEDRALS OF SOUTHERN FRANCE," "DICKENS' LONDON," ETC., WITH NINETY ILLUSTRA TIONS, PLANS, AND DIAGRAMS,

By BLANCHE McMANUS

BOSTON
L. C. Page and Company
PUBLISHERS

Copyright, 1905
BY L. C. Page & Company
(INCORPORATED)
All rights reserved

Published September, 1905
Second Impression, May, 1909

COLONIAL PRESS
Electrotyped and Printed by C. H. Simonds & Co.
Boston, U. S. A.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER	PAGE
Introductory
The Rhine Cities and Towns
The Church in Germany
Some Characteristics of Rhenish Architecture
The Accessories of German Churches
Constance and Schaffhausen
Basel and Colmar
Freiburg
Strasburg
Metz
Speyer
Carlsruhe, Darmstadt, and Wiesbaden
Heidelberg and Mannheim
Worms
Frankfort
Mayence
Bacharach, Bingen, and Rudesheim
Limburg
Coblenz and Boppart
Laach and Stolzenfels
Andernach and Sinzig
Trves
Bonn
Godesberg and Rolandseck
Cologne and Its Cathedral
The Churches of Cologne
Aix-la-Chapelle
Lige
Dsseldorf, Neuss, and Mnchen-Gladbach
Essen and Dortmund
Emmerich, Clves, and Xanten
Arnheim, Utrecht, and Leyden

{i}

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
Cologne Cathedral	Frontispiece
General View of Leyden	facing
General View of Dsseldorf	facing
Worms Cathedral	facing
Chandelier, Aix-la-Chapelle
Font, Limburg
Constance Cathedral
Coat of Arms, Constance
Cathedral Clock, Basel
Basel and Its Cathedral	facing
Coat of Arms, Basel
Freiburg Cathedral	facing
Coat of Arms, Freiburg
Ancient Church Foundation, Strasburg (diagram)
Strasburg Cathedral	facing
Coat of Arms, Strasburg
Metz
Speyer Cathedral
Greek Chapel, Wiesbaden	facing
Coat of Arms, Darmstadt
Heidelberg and Its Castle	facing
Frankfort Cathedral	facing
Coat of Arms, Frankfort	{ii}
Cenotaph of Drusus, Mayence
Mayence Cathedral	facing
Bacharach
Bishop Hatto's Mouse Tower
Coat of Arms, Bingen
Limburg Cathedral	facing
Coblenz and Its Bridge	facing
General View of Boppart	facing
Coat of Arms, Coblenz
Abbey of Laach (restored)
Stolzenfels Castle
Coat of Arms, Laach
General View of Andernach	facing
Sinzig Church
Trves Cathedral	facing
Pulpit, Trves Cathedral
Coat of Arms, Trves
General View of Bonn	facing
Apse, Bonn Cathedral
Convent of Nonnenwerth
General View of Cologne	facing
Cologne Cathedral in 1820
Stone-masons' Marks, Cologne Cathedral
Coat of Arms, Cologne
Font, St. Martin's, Cologne
Gross St. Martin, Cologne
St. Gron's, Cologne Facing
Coat of Arms, Cologne
Charlemagne
Aix-la-Chapelle Cathedral in IXth Century	{iii}
Aix-la-Chapelle Cathedral	facing
Coat of Arms, Aix-la-Chapelle
General View of Lige	facing
Coat of Arms, Lige
Neuss Cathedral
Coat of Arms, Dsseldorf
General View of Essen	facing
Seven-branched Candlestick, Essen
Coat of Arms, Essen
St. Victor's, Xanten
General View of Arnheim	facing
General View of Utrecht	facing
Round Church in the IXth Century, Aix-la-Chapelle (diagram)
St. Genevieve, Andernach (diagram)
Bonn Cathedral (diagram)
St. Castor, Coblenz (diagram)
Ancient Cathedral, Cologne (diagram)
Present Cathedral, Cologne (diagram)
St. Maria in Capitolia, Cologne (diagram)
St. Cunibert's, Cologne (diagram)
St. Martin's, Cologne (diagram)
Church of the Apostles, Cologne (diagram)
St. Gron's, Cologne (diagram)
Crypt, St. Gron's, Cologne (diagram)
Constance Cathedral (diagram)
Freiburg Cathedral (diagram)
Abbey of Laach (diagram)
Mayence Cathedral (diagram)
Gothard Chapel, Mayence (diagram)	{iv}
Abbey Church, Mnchen-Gladbach (diagram)
St. Quirinus, Neuss (diagram)
Schaffhausen Cathedral (diagram)
Speyer Cathedral (diagram)
Trves Cathedral (diagram)
St. Martin, Worms (diagram)

{v}

APOLOGIA

The Rhine provinces stand for all that is best and most characteristic of the ecclesiastical architecture of Germany, as contrasted with that very distinct species known as French pointed or Gothic.

For this reason the present volume of the series, which follows the Cathedrals of Northern and Southern France, deals with a class of ecclesiastical architecture entirely different from the light, flamboyant style which has made so many of the great cathedral churches of France preminently famous.

Save Cologne, there is no great cathedral, either in Germany or the Low Countries, which in any way rivals the masterpieces of Paris, Reims, or Amiens, or even Lincoln or York in England.

Strasburg and Metz are in a way reminiscent of much that is French, but in the main the cathedrals and churches of the Rhine are of a species distinct and complete in itself.

{vi}

Any consideration of the Rhine cities and towns, and the ecclesiastical monuments which they contain, must perforce deal largely with the picturesque and romantic elements of the river's legendary past.

Not all of these legends deal with mere romance, as the world well knows. The religious element has ever played a most important part in the greater number of the Rhine legends. For demonstration, one has only to recall the legends of "The Architect of Cologne," of "Bishop Hatto and His Mouse Tower on the Rhine," and of many others relating to the devout men and women who in times past lived their lives here.

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