Mulholland and Greenfields
SURGERY
Scientific Principles & Practice
SEVENTH EDITION
Justin B. Dimick, MD, MPH
Frederick A. Coller Distinguished Professor
Chair, Department of Surgery
University of Michigan Health System
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Gilbert R. Upchurch Jr, MD
Copeland/Horowitz Chair of Surgery
Professor of Surgery
Department of Surgery
UF Health Shands Hospital/University of Florida College of Medicine
Gainesville, Florida
Hasan B. Alam, MD, FACS
Loyal and Edith Davis Professor of Surgery, and Professor of Cell & Developmental Biology
Chair, Department of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
Surgeon-in-Chief, Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois
Timothy M. Pawlik, MD, MPH, MTS, PhD, FACS, FRACS (Hon.)
Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery
The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research
Surgeon in Chief, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center
Columbus, Ohio
Mary T. Hawn, MD, MPH
Emile Holman Professor and Chair of Surgery
Department of Surgery
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, California
Julie Ann Sosa, MD, MA, FACS, MAMSE, FSSO
Leon Goldman, MD Distinguished Professor of Surgery
Chair, Department of Surgery
Professor, Department of Medicine
Affiliated Faculty, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies
University of California San Francisco
San Francisco, California
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7th edition
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Contributors
Ola Ahmed, MB Bch BaO
Transplant Research Fellow
Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
Omar Al-Nouri, DO
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery
UC San Diego Health
San Diego, California
Hasan B. Alam, MD, FACS
Loyal and Edith Davis Professor of Surgery and Professor of Cell & Developmental Biology
Chair, Department of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
Surgeon-in-Chief, Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Chicago, Illinois
Christian El Amm, MD
Chief, Pediatric Plastic Surgery
Director, Cleft and Craniofacial Clinic
Department of Surgery
University of Oklahoma
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Dean J. Arnaoutakis, MD, MBA
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy
University of Florida College of Medicine
Gainesville, Florida
George J. Arnaoutakis, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
University of Florida College of Medicine
Gainesville, Florida
Leah M. Backhus, MD, MPH
Associate Professor
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thoracic Surgery Division
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, California
Thanh U. Barbie, MD
Associate Surgeon/Assistant Professor
Division of Breast Surgery
Brigham and Womens Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Bradley D. Beasley, DPM, CWS, FACFAS
Medical Staff
Department of Surgery
Ascension St. John Broken Arrow
Broken Arrow, Oklahoma
Elizabeth R. Benjamin, MD, PhD
Trauma Medical Director, Associate Professor of Surgery
Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
Grady Memorial Hospital, Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia
Mark F. Berry, MD
Mylavarapu Rogers Professor
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, California
Marc Besselink, MD