First published in 1993 by Routledge
This edition first published in 2021
by Routledge
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1993 Graham Hallett
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ISBN: 978-0-367-75717-5 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-00-317423-3 (Set) (ebk)
ISBN: 978-1-03-200383-4 (Volume 5) (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-03-200394-8 (Volume 5) (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-00-317391-5 (Volume 5) (ebk)
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First published 1993
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001
1993 Graham Hallett
Typeset in Times by J&L Composition Ltd, Filey, North
Yorkshire
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
Mackays of Chatham PLC, Chatham, Kent
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue reference for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 0-415-05689-6
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data has been applied for.
ISBN 0-415-05689-6
Contents
List of figures
List of tables
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Graham Haiku
2 The new housing shortage: the problem of housing affordability in the United States
E. Jay Howenstine
The setting
The problem
The causes of the problem
Methods of solving the problem
The dismantlement of national housing policy; the Reagan era
Rebuilding national housing policy
The National Affordable Housing Act of 1990
Notes
Appendix 1: Housing units subsidized, by tenure and programme 1975-89; Notes
Appendix 2: Federal housing subsidies by tenure and type of programme 1975-91; Notes
References
3 Housing tenure and affordability: the British disease
Peter Malpass
Housing tenure and the housing problem
The three phases of government policy
The affordability crisis
Conclusions
References
4 Housing affordability in the Federal Republic of Germany
Rudi Ulbrich and Uwe Wullkopf
The post-war German housing miracle
The pre-programmed decline of social housing
The emergence of a new housing shortage
The underlying causes of the new housing shortage
Rebuilding a national housing policy
References
5 Housing problems in the former German Democratic Republic and the New German States
Otto Dienemann
The initial situation and the political background
What was achieved?
The causes of the shortcomings
How to solve the current problems
The problems of transition
Postscript, December 1991
6 Housing affordability in France
Jean-Pierre Schaefer
Housing conditions in general
The problems that remain
The causes of these problems
The evolution of housing policy
The 1989 Law for implementing a right to housing
Conclusions and prospects
References
7 Low income and housing in the Dutch welfare state
Jan van Weesep and Ronald van Kempen
Introduction
Main characteristics of Dutch society
The state, the housing market and low incomes
The housing market position of the urban poor
The housing future for low-income households
References
8 The new housing shortage: an international review
Graham Hallen
A continuing improvement in housing conditions?
The new housing shortage
The causes of homelessness
The causes of affordability problems
Ways of resolving the new housing shortage
Guidelines on housing affordability
The role of owner-occupation in low-income housing
The role of private tenancy in low-income housing
The non-profit housing enterprise
The countries compared
Conclusions
References
3.1 Housing tenure in Great Britain 196989
3.2 Permanent dwellings completed in the United Kingdom 196689
4.1 Dwellings completed 196089, by sponsors
4.2 Housing conditions by income group 1978 and 1985/7
4.3 Average rents 197891
4.4 Causes of rent rises 197888
4.5 Rent as a percentage of income by income groups
4.6 Recipients of the housing allowance
4.7 The distribution of housing subsidies between households of the top and bottom income quintiles
6.1 Rent/income ratios 1988
6.2 No. of dwellings and average household size 190090
6.3 Housing stock 196290