Hermann Mannheim - Group Problems in Crime and Punishment

In 15 Volumes

First published in 1955 by

Roudedge

Reprinted in 1998 by

Roudedge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Transferred to Digital Printing 2007

1955 Hermann Mannheim

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

The publishers have made every effort to contact authors/copyright holders of the works reprinted in The International Library of Sociology. This has not been possible in every case, however, and we would welcome correspondence from those individuals/companies we have been unable to trace.

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Group Problems in Crime and Punishment

ISBN 0-415-17740-5

The Sociology of Law and Criminology: 15 Volumes

ISBN 0-415-17832-0

The International Library of Sociology: 274 Volumes

ISBN 0-415-17838-X

Publishers Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent

IN the present volume material has been collected written in the course of the past twenty years and, with a few exceptions, already published in various periodicals in the form of articles, reports or reviews. Many of these papers are enlarged versions of special lectures delivered at Universities or to other scientific bodies in this country and abroad. The material has throughout been revised and brought up to date by adding brief introductory or concluding remarks and further references to recent legislation, literature, and other subsequent developments. An attempt has also been made to revise the writers English style which, naturally, was particularly atrocious in papers written in the early period before the war. In the case of lectures or addresses traces of the version in which they were originally delivered have, here and there, been preserved as a reminder that the occasion for which the material was first prepared should not be entirely ignored. While the title of the volume has been taken from the theme of its first Part, it will be apparent to readers of other Parts, in particular of , that group problems are in fact the leitmotiv of the whole book. To some extent the Chapters dealing with criminal law will appeal to a public somewhat different from that interested in criminological and penological subjects. There can be little doubt, however, that a process of drawing nearer is slowly taking place between the legal and the sociological-penological ways of approach to problems of crime, a process which greatly facilitates mutual understanding and justifies the inclusion in the same volume of papers belonging to these different disciplines. Even so, several lengthy essays of a predominantly legal character had to be omitted for reasons of space. Moreover, material of mainly ephemeral interest has been excluded or drastically pruned.

The authors acknowledgments and thanks for permission to reprint are due to the following:

The Secretariat of United Nations, Department of Social Affairs, New York, Editors of the International Review of Criminal Policy ().

Messrs. Baillire, Tindall & Cox, London, Publishers, and the Editorial Board of The British Journal of Delinquency ().

Dr. Marjorie Franklin and the Q, Camps Committee, London ().

Lord Chorley, London, General Editor of The Modern Law Review ().

The Managing Editor of The Sociological Review, University College of North Staffordshire, Keele ().

Mr. John Armitage, London, Editor of The Fortnightly ().

Professor Thorsten Sellin, Philadelphia, Editor of The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ().

Mr. Victor H. Evjen, Washington, Editor of Federal Probation ().

Messrs. Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., London, and the Editorial Board of The British Journal of Sociology ().

Professor Thorsten Sellin, Secretary General of the Twelfth International Penal and Penitentiary Congress, The Hague, 1950 ().

The Editorial Board of Mens en Maatschappij, Amsterdam ().

Dr. G. W. T. H. Fleming, Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Mental Science, London ().

HERMANN MANNHEIM

THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS

AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

(University of London)

February, 1955

[In December, 1951, a European Seminar was held in Brussels at the invitation of the Belgian Government, organized by United Nations in collaboration with the World Health Organization. Its subject was The Medico-Psychological and Social Examination of Offenders. Its Director was Professor Paul Cornil, Secretary-General of the Belgian Ministry of Justice and Professor of Criminal Law at the University of Brussels. Reports were submitted by experts on various legal and procedural questions related to the scientific examination of offenders; on the selection of offenders for examination; and on the specific problems of their biological, physical, psychiatric, social and sociological examination. These Reports, together with other documents related to the Seminar, have been published by the United Nations Department of Social Affairs, New York, in their periodical International Review of Criminal Policy, No. 3, January, 1953.

The author was invited to submit the Report on The Sociological Study of the Adult Offender (see pp. 70 et seq. of the