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Martha Stout - The Myth of Sanity: Divided Consciousness and the Promise of Awareness

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The Myth of Sanity: Divided Consciousness and the Promise of AwarenessMartha Stout
When we say a friend was like a different person, we may be more right than we know.
-The Boston Globe
Why does a gifted psychiatrist suddenly begin to torment his own beloved wife?
How can a ninety-pound woman carry a massive air conditioner to the second floor of her home, install it in a window unassisted, and then not remember how it got there?
Why would a brilliant feminist law student ask her fianc to treat her like a helpless little girl?
How can an ordinary, violence-fearing businessman once have been a gun-packing vigilante prowling the crime districts for a fight?
A startling new study in human consciousness, The Myth of Sanity is a landmark book about forgotten trauma, dissociated mental states, and multiple personality in everyday life.
In its groundbreaking analysis of childhood trauma and dissociation and their far-reaching implications in adult life, it reveals that moderate dissociation is a normal mental reaction to pain and that even the most extreme dissociative reaction-multiple personality-is more common than we think. Through astonishing stories of people whose lives have been shattered by trauma and then remade, The Myth of Sanity shows us how to recognize these altered mental states in friends and family, even in ourselves.
We only think were sane, says this Harvard psychologist... The befuddled, normally sane masses can learn a lot from the victims of grave psychological abuse.
274 pagesPublished February 26th 2002 by Penguin Books
Amazon.com ReviewNo one likes being called crazy. But Dr. Martha Stout, a psychological trauma specialist, invites all to question their own level of mental acumen in The Myth of Sanity. Her logic makes sense: all humans experience fear, especially during youth; individuals response systems determine how their brains catalogue traumatic experiences and trigger dissociative coping strategies. Those who experience horrific situations like abuse, catastrophe, or grueling medical procedures fare the worst over time; their dissociative behaviors can manifest themselves as situational fatigue, lost hours or days, or split personalities.

Drawing from 20 years of treating such patients, Stout presents several composite characters to illustrate all levels of dissociative behavior: from the very serious DID (dissociative identity disorder, or switching among distinct personalities) to the nearly universal brief phasing out (losing a thought or getting caught up in something). As each patient undergoes psychoanalysis, Stout highlights clues for identifying trauma sufferers and lends advice to their loved ones. Tending away from scientific data or supportive research findings--while tending toward a fiction-lovers prose--The Myth of Sanity focuses on personal stories and Stouts zealous admiration for responsible therapy patients who wake to a sanity unclouded by past fears. --Liane Thomas

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Praise for The Myth of Sanity
In a beautifully written, clear and compelling book, Dr. Stout invites us to a deeper understanding of trauma.... Her clinical vignettes are filled with compassion and courage, there is pain and there is poetry. She opens our hearts to the suffering but also the dignity of these proud human spirits who come to heal but have much to teach. This book is a treasure for therapists who value real healing and it is also a gift to all people who wish to understand the roots of human trauma, violence and disconnection.
Judith Jordan, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School

[Stout] goes a step further and compassionately describes step by agonizing step incidents and accidents not far removed from even the most normal of lives as plausible sources of psychic scars and existential wounds.... The Myth of Sanity is a wonderful antidote for both therapeutic pride and helplessness.
Robert Shuman, Ph.D., Massachusetts psychologist

This important book, clearly and compassionately written, reveals the large and small traumas that cause us to separate ourselves from our experience of living, and provides a road map to find our way home, back into our hearts, minds, and bodies.
Derrick Jensen, author of A Language Older Than Words

A lucid reminder of the power of narrative and the magic of metaphor in our psychological lives.
Kirkus Reviews

The Myth of Sanity brings professional and lay readers into vital, rarely explored territory. For clinicians, here are new insights into awareness problems and ideas for treatment for trauma survivors. For those with mildly dissociative loved ones, ways of living with the changes. For the affected, new coping skills and the knowledge that theyre not the only spacey ones out there.
Behavioral Science Book Service
PENGUIN BOOKS
THE MYTH OF SANITY
Martha Stout, Ph.D., is a clinical instructor in psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and a clinical associate at Massachusetts General Hospital. She has taught psychology at the Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research, the Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology, and Wellesley College. For twenty years, she has specialized in the treatment of psychological trauma survivors, and studied the ways people overcome the effects of stress and trauma on consciousness. Dr. Stout works in Boston and lives on Cape Ann, Massachusetts.
PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Putnam Inc 375 Hudson - photo 1
PENGUIN BOOKS
Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Putnam Inc., 375 Hudson Street,
New York, New York 10014, U.S.A.
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road,
Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia
Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue,
Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2
Penguin Books India (P) Ltd, 11 Community Centre,
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Penguin Books (N.Z.) Ltd, Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads,
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Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue,
Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa

Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices:
Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England

First published in the United States of America by Viking Penguin,
a member of Penguin Putnam Inc. 2001
Published in Penguin Books 2002


Copyright Martha Stout, 2001
All rights reserved

eISBN : 978-1-101-16163-0
1. Dissociative disorders. 2. Adult child abuse victims.
3. Post-traumatic stress disorder. I. Title.
RC553.D5 S76 2001
616.8523dc21 00-043994

http://us.penguingroup.com

Written, with love and gratitude,
for my mother and father
Eva Deaton Stout
and
Adrian Phillip Stout
With our thoughts, we make the world.
Buddha
PREFACE
The idea of earning a doctoral degree, which later turned into a lifelong career in the psychology of trauma, was first suggested to me by my fathers mother, who was born a quarter of a century before women had the right to vote, in the backwoods of North Carolina. She was a woman of great faith and strengthwith more than a few radical opinions for her timeand she endured much during her nearly eighty years on this earth. Yet when the end came, she willingly relinquished her life.
To be more precise, I could say that my grandmother willed her own death. Lying in a hospital bed, being attended for minor cardiac difficulties in a heart relatively strong for a woman her age, she informed her nurse one night, simply, that she would go to God before morning. The nurse, I am told, kindly reassured her she was not so ill as all that, and that she should not think such thoughts. My grandmother died that night, inexplicably, of congestive heart failure.
When she died, I was a junior in college, and it was there that I learned the implications of congestive heart failure. Voodoo victims die that way, victims of their own strength of belief, and other mammals, swimming against the tide for too long, let death come, and die of exploding hearts, before the water has a chance to drown them. Having decided it is time, one simply dies.
As a therapist, I see trauma survivors, and in the course of my profession I have heard the life stories of dozens and hundreds of people who have survived childhood and adult circumstances of unrelenting horror. The vague whisper I heard through knowing my grandmother, that life was not always so gentle as my childhood, has become a frank cacophony of excruciating human histories.
And now it is my trauma patients who seem the oldest souls in the world, though some of them are quite young people. They are proud human spirits who seem ancient and ageless at the same time. Over the years, I have seen brighter passions in their eyes than in the eyes of any priest or guru. I have heard more wisdom from their mouths than I have read in any book. And, ironically I suppose, I have at times experienced a more profound and centered stillness in their presence than in the company of people whose histories and memories have been far less scarred.
My patients come from both genders, and all walks of life. Some are simple. Others possess intellects as brilliant and faceted as diamonds. Most are somewhere in between. They come to my office bearing a wide variety of diagnoses currently in medical vogue: depression, manic-depressive disorder, panic disorder, anorexia nervosa, alcoholism, borderline personality disorder, paranoia. Their stories are seemingly diverse. Some have survived earthquakes. One, when she was two years old, watched from inside the basket someone had hidden her in, as her Cambodian parents and nine sisters and brothers were shot to death by invading soldiers. Many others have survived chronic childhood incest. And still others are adult survivors of other kinds of childhood-long abuse, physical and psychological.
But I have learned that they all have one thing in common. Underlying the various forms of heartrending pain and diverse complaints with which they come to therapy is the same fundamental questionShall I choose to die, or shall I choose to live? They come to therapy to help themselves answer that question, and I will get nowhere if I try to answer the question for them, or even delay its consideration. The rest of therapy never begins for a survivor of trauma until that ruthlessly basic question has been answered.
I cannot resolve the life-or-death question for my patients, and I should confess that I do not even approach the practice of psychotherapy with the premise about suicide that is widely held to be self-evident. Many say it is necessarily our job to insure that no individual be allowed to carry out a decision to die, that it is our job to prevent this no matter what the measure taken to prevent it, be that measure manipulative, legal, even legally violent. But I do not believe, nor can I be persuaded, that some form of psychological distortion underlies absolutely all acts of suicide. I do believe that, at least in some cases, a decision to die could be just that, a decision. This seems obvious and simple enough to me.
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