Pack - Cliffsnotes AP biology

About the Author

Phillip E. Pack, Ph.D., taught AP Biology for 11 years. He is currently Professor of Biology at Woodbury University in Burbank, California. He teaches courses in biology, human biology, botany, field botany, environmental studies, and evolution, and co-teaches various interdisciplinary courses, including energy and society (with architecture faculty) and natural history of California and nature writing (with English faculty).

Editorial

Acquisitions Editor: Greg Tubach

Project Editor: Christina A. Stambaugh

Copy Editor: Catherine Schwenk

Technical Editors: Ken Crawford, Ph.D., and Scott Ryan

Composition

Proofreader: Betty Kish

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Composition Services

CliffsNotes AP* Biology, 4th Edition

Published by:

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Boston New York
www.hmhbooks.com

Copyright 2013 Phillip E. Pack

All rights reserved.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2012956405
ISBN: 978-1-118-12799-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-118-22493-9; 978-1-118-26296-2; eISBN 978-0-544-17957-8
v1.0513

For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 215 Park Avenue South, New York, New York 10003.

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To Mary and Megan

Acknowledgments

I am the author of this book, but there are many who have contributed to its final form.

Many thanks go to Patty Compeau and her AP Biology students at La Canada High School for their valuable suggestions and corrections to early chapters of this book. I am also indebted to students past and present at Woodbury University for their challenging questions and their stimulating discussions. It is no exaggeration to say that I am a student in my own classroom.

I am grateful for the support and encouragement of the editorial team: to Catherine Schwenk, copy editor, for her attention to detail; to Ken Crawford and Scott Ryan, technical editors, for their attention to accuracy; and to Christina Stambaugh, for her penetrating questions and insightful suggestions. A special thanks to Greg Tubach for his persistent encouragement and unending prodding, without which Id still be writing a chapter somewhere in the middle of the book.

Finally, I would like to thank my wife, Mary McGinnis, and daughter, Megan McGinnis-Pack, for their patience, love, and understanding through the course of this project.

An Overview of the AP Biology Exam

This chapter introduces you to the AP Biology exam. Youll learn how this book can aid you in your preparation and what to bring on exam day. It also details the format of the exam and how it is scored. The Whats on the Exam section outlines the four broad principles, called Big Ideas, that are covered on the exam and offers strategies for answering the three question types: multiple-choice, grid-in, and free-response. The last section of this chapter details how to best use the practice exams in this book to enhance your study.

How You Should Use This Book

The Advanced Placement program is designed to encourage students to take challenging courses in high school and receive college credit for their efforts. Many high schools offer classes especially designed for the AP program, but any course or program of study, whatever it is called, is appropriate as preparation for taking the AP exam if the content is at the college level. This book helps you to prepare for the Advanced Placement Examination in Biology. It does this in three ways:

• It reviews the important material that you need to know for the actual AP exam. These reviews are detailed but written in an organized and condensed format, making them especially useful for studying.
• It provides you with review questions that reinforce the review. Many of the review questions, like those on the AP exam, require considerable thought to determine the correct answer. In addition, some of the review questions ask you to apply the reviewed material to new situations and, as a result, increase your breadth of understanding. Answers with complete explanations provide additional opportunities to understand the material.
• It offers two complete practice exams, giving you the opportunity to evaluate your knowledge and your test-taking skills. Taking these practice exams helps to improve your AP exam score because they are similar in content and format to the actual AP exam. Complete explanations are given for each question, and a scoring worksheet is provided to help you determine your score.

When preparing for a test, have you ever wished that you had a copy of your teachers lecture notes? The review sections in this book are very much like lecture notes. Each section contains all of the important terminology with brief descriptions. All of the important biological processes are outlined with a key word or phrase, listed in an easy-to-remember sequence. After each key word or phrase, a short explanation is given. When you study the material the first time, you can read the key words and the short explanations. When you review, you can just study the key words, rereading the explanations only as needed.