Munir M. Hamad - Electrical Engineering Experiments

ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENTS

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ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENTS

G.P. Chhalotra, PhD

MERCURY LEARNING AND INFORMATION

Dulles, Virginia
Boston, Massachusetts
New Delhi

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Original Title and Copyright: Experiments in Electrical Engineering. 2015 by Khanna Publishers.

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CONTENTS

EXPERIMENT 1

1.1Object: To Determine Internal Resistance of a Battery

1.2Apparatus

One battery, one ammeter, and one voltmeter.

1.3Experimental Setup

The voltmeter is used to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery and the ammeter is used to measure the short circuit current of the battery, shown in .

Figure 1.1

Figure 1.2

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

Experimental results are tabulated in the observation table. The internal resistance of the battery is given by:

This is also tabulated in the observation table.

1.4Questions and Answers on the Experiment

The experiment is made to represent a battery by an electrical circuit. The EMF and terminal voltage of the battery can be determined. The EMF of the battery will be constant, but the terminal voltage will fall when the current taken from the battery increases. We call it a load test on the battery.

Q1. How does the EMF differ from the terminal voltage or voltage of the battery?

Ans. The EMF of the battery will always be higher than the voltage. The EMF and voltage differ by a voltage drop in the internal resistance R

The VI curve is shown in .

Figure 1.3

Q2. A battery has an EMF of 1.1 volts and an internal resistance of 0.1 ohms. If a resistance of 1 ohm is connected to the terminals, find the current and the terminal voltage. Draw the electrical equivalent circuit of the battery.

Ans.

Figure 1.4

EXPERIMENT 2

2.1Object: Load Test on a D.C. Series Generator

2.2Experimental Setup

A D.C. series machine is used as a series motor and is rarely used as the generator. If we wish to run the motor as a generator, this experiment will be useful. The series generator is used in traction as a booster, and we cannot disregard this for special purposes.