ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENTS
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ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
EXPERIMENTS
G.P. Chhalotra, PhD
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Original Title and Copyright: Experiments in Electrical Engineering. 2015 by Khanna Publishers.
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CONTENTS
EXPERIMENT 1
1.1Object: To Determine Internal Resistance of a Battery
1.2Apparatus
One battery, one ammeter, and one voltmeter.
1.3Experimental Setup
The voltmeter is used to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery and the ammeter is used to measure the short circuit current of the battery, shown in .
![Figure 11 Figure 12 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Experimental results are - photo 2](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg11.jpg)
Figure 1.1
![Figure 12 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS Experimental results are tabulated in the - photo 3](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg11-1.jpg)
Figure 1.2
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
![Experimental results are tabulated in the observation table The internal - photo 4](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg11-2.jpg)
Experimental results are tabulated in the observation table. The internal resistance of the battery is given by:
![This is also tabulated in the observation table 14Questions and Answers on - photo 5](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg12.jpg)
This is also tabulated in the observation table.
1.4Questions and Answers on the Experiment
The experiment is made to represent a battery by an electrical circuit. The EMF and terminal voltage of the battery can be determined. The EMF of the battery will be constant, but the terminal voltage will fall when the current taken from the battery increases. We call it a load test on the battery.
Q1. How does the EMF differ from the terminal voltage or voltage of the battery?
Ans. The EMF of the battery will always be higher than the voltage. The EMF and voltage differ by a voltage drop in the internal resistance R
E = V + IRB | (1.2) |
or |
EV = IRB | (1.3) |
The VI curve is shown in .
![Figure 13 Q2 A battery has an EMF of 11 volts and an internal resistance of - photo 6](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg12-1.jpg)
Figure 1.3
Q2. A battery has an EMF of 1.1 volts and an internal resistance of 0.1 ohms. If a resistance of 1 ohm is connected to the terminals, find the current and the terminal voltage. Draw the electrical equivalent circuit of the battery.
Ans.
![Figure 14 V IRL 1 1 1 volt 15 EXPERIMENT 2 21Object Load - photo 7](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg13.jpg)
Figure 1.4
![V IRL 1 1 1 volt 15 EXPERIMENT 2 21Object Load Test on a DC - photo 8](/uploads/posts/book/222232/images/pg13-1.jpg)
V = IRL = 1 1 = 1 volt | (1.5) |
EXPERIMENT 2
2.1Object: Load Test on a D.C. Series Generator
2.2Experimental Setup
A D.C. series machine is used as a series motor and is rarely used as the generator. If we wish to run the motor as a generator, this experiment will be useful. The series generator is used in traction as a booster, and we cannot disregard this for special purposes.
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