Patrick R. Murray - Medical Microbiology E-Book

8TH EDITION

PATRICK R. MURRAY, PhD

Senior Worldwide Director, Scientific Affairs

BD Diagnostics Systems

Sparks, Maryland;

Adjunct Professor, Department of Pathology

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

KEN S. ROSENTHAL, PhD

Professor of Biomedical Sciences

Director of Microbiology and Immunology

Roseman University of Health Sciences College of Medicine

Las Vegas, Nevada;

Emeritus Professor

Northeastern Ohio Medical University

Rootstown, Ohio

MICHAEL A. PFALLER, MD

Chief Medical Officer

T2 Biosystems

Lexington, Massachusetts;

Professor Emeritus

University of Iowa College of Medicine and College of Public Health

Iowa City, Iowa

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MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, EIGHTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-29956-5

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Notices

Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Murray, Patrick R., author.

Medical microbiology / Patrick R. Murray, Ken S. Rosenthal, Michael A. Pfaller ; consultant, JMI Laboratories.8th edition.

p. ; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-323-29956-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)

I. Rosenthal, Ken S., author. II. Pfaller, Michael A., author. III. Title.

[DNLM: 1. Microbiology. 2. Microbiological Techniques. 3. Parasitology. QW 4]

QR46

616.9041dc23

2015030867

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Printed in Canada

Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

To all who use this textbook, that they may benefit from its use as much as we did in its preparation

Our knowledge about microbiology and immunology is constantly growing, and by building a good foundation of understanding in the beginning, it will be much easier to understand the advances of the future.

Medical microbiology can be a bewildering field for the novice. We are faced with many questions when learning microbiology: How do I learn all the names? Which infectious agents cause which diseases? Why? When? Who is at risk? Is there a treatment? However, all these concerns can be reduced to one essential question: What information do I need to know that will help me understand how to diagnose and treat an infected patient?

Certainly, there are a number of theories about what a student needs to know and how to teach it, which supposedly validates the plethora of microbiology textbooks that have flooded the bookstores in recent years. Although we do not claim to have the one right approach to teaching medical microbiology (there is truly no one perfect approach to medical education), we have founded the revisions of this textbook on our experience gained through years of teaching medical students, residents, and infectious disease fellows, as well as on the work devoted to the seven previous editions. We have tried to present the basic concepts of medical microbiology clearly and succinctly in a manner that addresses different types of learners. The text is written in a straightforward manner with, it is hoped, uncomplicated explanations of difficult concepts. In this edition, we challenged ourselves to improve the learning experience even more. We are using the new technology on StudentConsult.com (e-version) to enhance access to the material. New to this edition, chapter summaries and learning aids are placed at the beginning of each of the microbe chapters, and on the e-version these are keyed to the appropriate sections in the chapter. In addition, many of the figures are enhanced to assist learning. Details are summarized in tabular format rather than in lengthy text, and there are colorful illustrations for the visual learner. Clinical Cases provide the relevance that puts reality into the basic science. Important points are emphasized in boxes to aid students, especially in their review, and the study questions, including Clinical Cases, address relevant aspects of each chapter. Each section (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) begins with a chapter that summarizes microbial diseases, and this also provides review material.

Our understanding of microbiology and immunology is rapidly expanding, with new and exciting discoveries in all areas. We used our experience as authors and teachers to choose the most important information and explanations for inclusion in this textbook. Each chapter has been carefully updated and expanded to include new, medically relevant discoveries. In each of these chapters, we have attempted to present the material that we believe will help the student gain an interest in as well as a clear understanding of the significance of the individual microbes and their diseases.