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Ray LaPierre - Introduction to Quantum Computing

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Ray LaPierre Introduction to Quantum Computing
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This book provides a self-contained undergraduate course on quantum computing based on classroom-tested lecture notes. It reviews the fundamentals of quantum mechanics from the double-slit experiment to entanglement, before progressing to the basics of qubits, quantum gates, quantum circuits, quantum key distribution, and some of the famous quantum algorithms. As well as covering quantum gates in depth, it also describes promising platforms for their physical implementation, along with error correction, and topological quantum computing. With quantum computing expanding rapidly in the private sector, understanding quantum computing has never been so important for graduates entering the workplace or PhD programs. Assuming minimal background knowledge, this book is highly accessible, with rigorous step-by-step explanations of the principles behind quantum computation, further reading, and end-of-chapter exercises, ensuring that undergraduate students in physics and engineering emerge well prepared for the future.

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Book cover of Introduction to Quantum Computing The Materials Research - photo 1
Book cover of Introduction to Quantum Computing
The Materials Research Society Series

The Materials Research Society Series covers the multidisciplinary field of materials research and technology, publishing across chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. The Series focuses on premium textbooks, professional books, monographs, references, and other works that serve the broad materials science and engineering community worldwide. Connecting the principles of structure, properties, processing, and performance and employing tools of characterization, computation, and fabrication the Series addresses established, novel, and emerging topics.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/16655

Ray LaPierre
Introduction to Quantum Computing
1st ed. 2021
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Logo of the publisher Ray LaPierre Department of Engineering Physics - photo 3
Logo of the publisher
Ray LaPierre
Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
ISSN 2730-7360 e-ISSN 2730-7379
The Materials Research Society Series
ISBN 978-3-030-69317-6 e-ISBN 978-3-030-69318-3
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69318-3
Materials Research Society, under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG

The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

My interest in quantum computing began 20 years ago with my research career in semiconductor nanowires, which are being investigated as a potential platform for quantum computing. In 2020, I offered a senior undergraduate course in quantum computing at McMaster University (Hamilton, Ontario, Canada). The course assumed only an introductory background in quantum mechanics and was intended for undergraduate students in their third or fourth year of a four-year bachelors degree program. While researching the content for the course, I found several excellent books but none of them gave a completely satisfactory understanding of the topic at an introductory level. The book most often cited in this field is Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (Cambridge University Press 2017) by Nielson and Chuang. I once heard someone say that youre not doing quantum computing unless its in Nielson and Chuang. However, the book by Nielson and Chuang is probably not the best for the undergraduate beginner. Conversely, other books are available for a more general audience without assuming much background in physics, but I found these books did not delve into the topic deeply enough. Lastly, many textbooks on quantum computing are written for computer scientists with an emphasis on algorithms rather than the hardware that may be of more interest to engineers. Quantum computing is now ramping up in the private sector [1], requiring more graduates with engineering- and physics-based knowledge in the field. Therefore, the present book includes a physics- and engineering-based approach to quantum computing.

The book begins in Chap..

Quantum computing is a fascinating and exciting topic, but also a complicated one. Understanding quantum computing requires the synthesis of knowledge across many disciplines of physics and computer science, including electrodynamics, electronics, condensed matter physics, and quantum mechanics, posing a challenge to any beginner. I hope this book offers a good beginning to your journey.

I am grateful to McMaster University, the Department of Engineering Physics, my many colleagues, my students, and my family for permitting me the time and inspiration to write this book.

Reference
  1. Physics Today 73 (2020) 22.

How to Use This Book

This book is intended for a single semester (~12 weeks) elective course on quantum computing, comprised of approximately 36 one-hour lectures (3 hours per week). A suggested lecture schedule is as follows:

Lecture 12: Chapter Superposition

Lecture 34: Chapter Quantization

Lecture 56: Chapter Spin

Lecture 78: Chapter Qubits

Lecture 910: Chapter Entanglement

Lecture 11: Chapter Quantum Key Distribution

Lecture 1213: Chapter Quantum Gates

Lecture 14: Chapter Teleportation

Lecture 15: Chapter Tensor Products

Lecture 16: Chapter Quantum Parallelism and Computational Complexity

Lecture 17: Chapter Deutsch Algorithm

Lecture 18: Chapter Grover Algorithm

Lecture 19: Chapter Shor Algorithm

Lecture 2021: Chapter Precession

Lecture 22: Chapter Electron Spin Resonance

Lecture 23: Chapter Two-State Dynamics

Lecture 24: Chapter Implementing Two-Qubit Gates

Lecture 25: Chapter DiVincenzo Criteria

Lecture 26: Chapter Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Lecture 2728: Chapter Solid-State Spin Qubits

Lecture 29: Chapter Trapped Ion Quantum Computing

Lecture 3031: Chapter Superconducting Qubits

Lecture 32: Chapter Adiabatic Quantum Computing

Lecture 33: Chapter Optical Quantum Computing

Lecture 3435: Chapter Quantum Error Correction

Lecture 36: Chapter Topological Quantum Computing

The book assumes that students have successfully completed an introductory course in quantum mechanics, which is typically in the second year of a four-year undergraduate program in science, engineering, or related disciplines. Thus, this book is intended for the third or fourth year of an undergraduate program or the entry level of a graduate program.

The book is divided into three main parts. Chapters present specific physical platforms for quantum computers, as well as quantum error correction.

Each chapter is intended to be taught consecutively. Chapter .

Each chapter includes exercises which can be completed by the student as homework assignments or used for tutorial instruction. A solutions manual is available for qualified instructors. Each chapter also includes references for more advanced study, and further reading is listed at the end of the book.

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