Ivan B. Djordjevic - Quantum Information Processing, Quantum Computing, and Quantum Error Correction: An Engineering Approach

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ISBN: 978-0-12-821982-9

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Quantum information is related to the use of quantum mechanics concepts to perform information processing and transmission of information. Quantum information processing (QIP) is an exciting research area with numerous applications, including quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum teleportation, quantum computing, quantum lithography, and quantum memories. This area currently experiences rapid development, which can be judged from the number of published books on QIP and the number of conferences devoted solely to QIP concepts. Given the novelty of underlying QIP concepts, it is expected that this topic will be a subject of interest to a broad range of scientists, not just of those involved in QIP research. Moreover, based on Moore's law, which claims that the number of chips that can be etched on a single chip doubles every 18 months, leading to the doubling of both memory and computational speed, the ever-increasing demands in miniaturization of electronics will eventually lead us to the point where quantum effects become important. Given this fact, it seems that a much broader range of scientists will be forced to turn to the study of QIP much sooner than expected. Note that, on the other hand, as multicore architecture is becoming a prevailing high-performance chip design approach, improvement in computational speed can be achieved even without reducing the feature size through parallelization. Therefore thanks to multicore processor architectures, the need for QIP might be prolonged for a certain amount of time. Another point might be that, despite intensive development of quantum algorithms, the number of available quantum algorithms is still small compared to that of classical algorithms. Furthermore, current quantum gates can operate only on several tens of quantum bits (also known as qubits), which is too low for any meaningful quantum computation operation. Until recently, it was widely believed that quantum computation would never become a reality. However, recent advances in various quantum circuits implementations, as well as the proof of accuracy threshold theorem, have given rise to the optimism that quantum computers might soon become a reality.

Because of the interdisciplinary nature of the fields of QIP, quantum computing, and quantum error correction, this book aims to provide the right balance between quantum mechanics, quantum error correction, quantum computing, and quantum communication. This book has the following objectives: