Joe Procopio - Basic Music Theory By Joe Procopio: The Only Award-Winning Music Theory Book Available Worldwide

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2016 Joe Procopio JoeCopio Music LLC
International Copyright Secured All Rights Reserved

Ebook: ISBN: 978-1-4835669-6-2

BASIC MUSIC THEORY
By Joe Procopio
TABLE OF CONTENTS

BASIC MUSIC THEORY

By Joe Procopio

NOMENCLATURE:
SOME SIGNS AND SYMBOLS

Understanding the language of Music is based on learning a system of names ~ nomenclature.

The tone C shown here in the diagram below is the same tone in all 4 clefs:

Musical Notes or Tones

A Musical Tone is the sound of anything that vibrates with an even number or regular vibrations that can be measured. Noise, on the other hand, is generally defined as vibrations that are irregular and uneven.

A Sharp raises the sound of a tone.

A Flat lowers the sound of a tone.

A Natural means the tone is neither sharp nor flat.

A Double Sharp (also written as ) raises the sound of a tone twice.

A Double Flat lowers the sound of a tone twice

NAMING MUSICAL TONES

Musical tones have names that use only 7 letters of the alphabet.

The Musical Alphabet: A B C D E F G

In the Treble Clef the names of the musical tones are:

In the Bass Clef the names of the musical tones are:

In the Treble Clef the note A is on the 2nd space:

In the Bass Clef the note A is on the 1st space:

Since A is on the 2nd space in the Treble Clef, notes written above A are in alphabetical order:

Notes that are below the 2nd space are still alphabetical but in order to find them you have to think the alphabet in reverse or backwards:

Going up, think:	A B C D E F G
Going down, think:	G F E D C B A

Finding and naming notes in the Bass Clef is similar to the method used for the Treble Clef. The important difference is that the note A is found on the 1st space of the Bass Clef.

To find the notes above A, think the alphabet:

To find the notes below A, think the alphabet backwards:

Remember the Musical Alphabet has only 7 letters: A B C D E F G

In the Treble Clef, A is on the 2nd space.

In the Bass Clef, A is on the 1st space.

To find and name the notes, first find and name the note A, then:

Going up, think:	A B C D E F G
Going down, think:	G F E D C B A

The fastest and easiest way to learn the names of all the notes is to take a page of music from a lesson book or something similar - such as the music on this page - and with a pencil write down the name of each note. At first you will go slowly but soon, as you near the end of the page, you will recognize the names of all notes instantly. Do this once and you will never have trouble naming a note again.

Use a pencil and write the names of the notes underneath each note:

The clef has changed:

* N.B. An accidental is a sharp, flat, or natural that is written in a measure that is NOT in the key signature. Also, an accidental is only good for the measure and the octave it is written in.

KNOWING KINDS OF NOTES

Sally and John are names of people. Boys and girls are kinds of people.

Similarly, A and B are names of notes.

Whole notes, half notes, and quarter notes are kinds of notes.

The most common kinds of notes are:

There are 128th notes (with 5 flags) and 256th notes (with 6 flags) but they are rarely used.

DOTTED NOTES

A dot on a note gets the value of the note it is on.

For example. if a whole note gets 4 beats and you put a dot on it, the dot gets half the value of the whole note which is 2 (half of 4 is 2).

The dot and the whole note together get 6 beats (4 + 2 = 6)

If the whole note gets 4 beats, the dot will get 2 beats which is half the value of the note it is on.

The whole note plus the dot equals 6 beats. 4 + 2 = 6

Another example:

If the half note gets 2 beats, the dot will get 1 beat which is half the value of the note it is on (half of 2 is 1).

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