G. Barquest - Birdhouses and Feeders
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- Book:Birdhouses and Feeders
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- Publisher:Dover Publications
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- Year:2013
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You dont have to be an outdoorsy type to enjoy birdwatching, and you dont necessarily have to go outdoors to watch birds! Set up any of these thirty cozy homes and feeders in a spot thats conveniently viewed from indoors, and let the show begin!
This easy-to-use manual features clear illustrations and step-by-step construction guidelines for building permanent residences, winter homes, and snack bars for birds of many different featherswrens, bluebirds, owls, robins, titmice, and other species, including squirrels and bats. A list of easily obtainable materials appears with each design, along with helpful suggestions for attracting specific creatures. Most designs involve woodworking techniques; others offer simple methods for recycling milk jugs, cardboard cartons, and tires into wildlife refuges.
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Robins and phoebes will not nest in enclosed nest boxes. However, they both readily use platforms or shelves in sheltered areas around buildings. One favored spot is under the eaves of buildings where they are protected by the overhang. Allow 6 to 7 clearance from the shelf to the overhang for robins and 4 to 5 clearance for phoebes.
Nesting platforms for robins may also be mounted on the trunk or main branches of a tree.
1 piece 1 6 (about 3/4 5) 18 1 piece 1 2 (about 3/4 1) 10 8 1 or 2 nails
MOUNTING
Attach to the side of a building at least 10 to 12 above the ground in the shelter of the eaves or on the main branch of a tree in a shaded area.
1 piece 1 10 (about 3/4 9) 30 1 piece 1 2 (about 3/4 1) 36 1 or 2 nails 1 nails
MOUNTING
Use roundhead or lag screws to mount on the south or east side of a building or in a tree at least 10 to 12 above the ground.
Wrens, bluebirds and tree swallows are the birds most commonly attracted to single-unit, enclosed bird houses. Each species prefers certain locations and habitats in which to nest and rear its young.
To attract house wrens, place the box very close to or actually in the cover of a bush or small tree. Wrens seek the shade and protection of thick bushes where mated pairs find nesting materials and food for themselves and their young. The box may be placed 3 to 10 from the ground. In our university studies we placed wren boxes at about 5. If cover is available, wrens will nest as high as 15 from the ground.
Bluebirds and tree swallows are more exacting. Bluebirds will tolerate a shaded box but usually choose fairly open areas interspersed with trees and shrubs. Place bluebird boxes 4 to 6 above the ground. The bluebird is truly a bird of the fencerow, preferring cavities of rotted wooden fence posts. In recent years, bluebird numbers have greatly diminished, but in some localities well-placed nest boxes along fencerows or in orchards have helped this handsome species maintain its numbers.
The tree swallow feeds on the wing and seeks open agricultural fields and meadows or treeless and shrubless wild areas as its nesting place. A nest box for the tree swallow must be placed in the open on a fence post or special box support. A broad sweep of open country in front of the box opening is the best inducement for the tree swallow to accept the box. This graceful swallow is not particular about the height of its nest cavity, provided the above requirements are met. We recommend placing tree swallow boxes 5 to 6 above the ground.
The wren builds the bulk of its nest of sticks, the bluebird uses grass, and the tree swallow gathers large chicken, duck or gamebird feathers to line a shallow nest of grass and roots. Usually there is no lack of these materials in the wild, but we have encouraged tree swallows and wrens to use our boxes by placing nesting material near the boxes.
Spacing of boxes is necessary because birds space themselves naturally during the nesting period. Some birds, such as purple martins, gulls, cliff swallows or ledge-nesting sea birds, will tolerate other nests at very close quarters. But othershawks, owls, kingbirds, and even robinscannot be crowded into small spaces, nor can you get wrens to nest together in a house like martins.
The spacing of nest boxes depends on the arrangement of the food and cover and the degree of isolation this arrangement affords. In general, the average city back yard or garden is large enough for one or perhaps two families of wrens. The large expanses required for tree swallows and bluebirds eliminates these birds from most city locations. In farm yards or in rural areas, a tree swallow box should be at least 30 feet away from any other box. Bluebird spacing is less critical than that for tree swallows, but a box every 150 feet should be adequate.
Put the bird boxes up by March 15 so they will be ready when the birds arrive from the South. Occasionally, unwanted birds like the English sparrow or European starlings take over boxes. You can discourage them by repeatedly removing their nests. A periodic check will tell you if you have desirable tenants to encourage or undesirable ones to evict.
It often takes several boxes placed in the most likely sites to attract one pair of birds.
1 piece 1 6 (about 3/4 5) 24
1 piece 1 4 (about 3/4 3) 12
Use box lumber, bevel siding, exterior plywood, heavy
asphalt roofing or tin for roof.
4 roundhead wood screws to attach one side of roof
9 1 or 2 nails
8 1 nails
Attach one side of roof with wood screws, so it can be removed for annual house cleaning.
Attach to a tree or post 5 to 6 above ground with roundhead or lag screws.
1 piece 1 6 (about 3/4 5) 54
1 piece 3/4 10 8 bevel siding or other
material for roof
1 piece 1 4 (about 3/4 3) 4 for coon or
starling guard
3 1 #10 roundhead wood screws
1 nailsroof and guard
1 or 2 nails
- Drill 3/8 diameter drain hole in each corner of the bottom.
- Hinged side should be 1/16 shorter than the other side.
- Drill holes in front and back pieces slightly larger than shank of pivot screws.
Attach to a tree or post 5 to 6 above ground with roundhead or lag screws through the bottom of the back piece.
1 can about 7 tall and 6 in diameter
1 piece 1 8 (about 3/4 7) 10 or
equivalent 1/2 or 3/4 exterior grade plywood
1 piece 1 2 (about 3/4 1) x 10 for diagonal
cleat (May be omitted if plywood is used for roof)
2 screw eyes
1 piece of 11 gauge wire 8 long. A section of wire
clothes hanger may be substituted
4 1 galvanized nails to attach cleat
Wash can with vinegar, allow to dry, then wash with clean water and allow to dry. Paint with a good grade exterior house paint, metal paint or enamel. Use metal primer if available.
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