John Balfour Kinross - Atatürk: The Rebirth of a Nation

My thanks are due in the first place to President Grsel and the Government of the Turkish Republic for granting me accessto the Presidential Archives at ankaya, Ankara, and for otherwise assisting my researches. They are due in particular tothe Ministry of Tourism and Information for facilitating visits to Atatrks battlefields and other parts of the country andfor supplying me with photographs. I must also thank Professor Enver Ziya Karal, head of the Department of the History ofthe Revolution at Ankara University, for his assistance in the supply of information and photographs and for his consistentencouragement.

In Britain my thanks are due to Sir Anthony Rumbold, Bt, CB , CMG , for access to the papers of his father, the late Sir Horace Rumbold, High Commissioner and Ambassador at Constantinople192024; Admiral Sir Bertram Thesiger, KBE , CB , CMG , for the loan of his unpublished Naval Memories, Alan Moorehead for an unpublished translation of Atatrks Gallipoli Diaries; J. D. Latham, of the University of Manchester,for his unpublished translation of Ali Fuat Cebesoys Moscow Memories.

Elsewhere I have to thank the Library of Congress, Washington DC, for access to the papers of Admiral Bristol; the ForeignAffairs Division of the National Archives, Washington DC, for access to certain official records; the Widener Library, HarvardUniversity, for access to the papers of Ambassador Grew; the Hoover Library, Stanford University, California, for access tothose of Louis E. Browne; S. Hassan, of the Pakistani Information Office, Istanbul, for papers concerning the relations betweenthe Kemalist Government and the Khilafat Committee, Bombay.

For oral information on the subject I am indebted to the following individuals:

In Turkey, General Ismet Inn, the late Rauf Orbay (Hussein Rauf), General Ali Fuat Cebesoy (Ali Fuad), the late GeneralRefet Bele (Refet Pasha), Tevfik Rt Aras, Bayan Fethi Okyar, Osman Okyar, the late Bayan Adnan Adivar (Halide Edib), FalihRifki Atay, Kili Ali, Hasan Riza Soyak, Yakup Kadri Karaosmanolu, Bayan Ruen Eref naydin, Dr Afetinan (Afet), Bayan SabihaGken, Hamdullah Suphi Tanriver, the late Hasan Ali Ycel, the late Behi Erkin, the late Fuat Bulca, the late Tevfik Biyikliolu,Ismail Hakki, Kzim zalp, Fuat Kprl, akir Zmre, Yusuf Kemal Tengirenk, Dr Hussein Pekta, Ahmed Adnan Saygun, Ulu Idemir, Cevat Dursunolu, Ahmet Emin Yalman, evket SreyyaAydemir, Kadri Cenani, Ahmet and Abbas Celal, Behcet Kemal Calar, Dr Akdes Nimet Kurat, Bayan Esma Nayman, Bayan Leyla Cambel,Bayan efika Urgan and Bayan Sreyya Aaolu.

Elsewhere, HRH the Duke of Windsor; the late Sir Percy Loraine and Sir Knox Helm, former British Ambassadors to Turkey; MPonsot, former French Ambassador, General Hassan Arfa, former Persian Ambassador and M Sokolnicki, former Polish Ambassadorto Turkey; Lieutenant-General Nicholas Rangabe and A.A. Pallis, of Athens; Madame Dayanova and Simeon Radev, of Sofia; CaptainWebb Trammell, Edward Whittall, Sami Gunzberg, of Istanbul; Lady (Charles) Townshend, Mrs Ethel McLeod-Smith, the late SirClifford Heathcote-Smith, Colonel J. C. Petherick, J. G. Wilson-Heathcote, J. G. Bennett, and Mrs S. F. Newcombe.

For other assistance I am indebted to Nejat Snmez and Yusuf Mardin, now of the Turkish Embassy in London; L. T. Naslednikovand N. Todorov, of Sofia; B. T. Naslednikov, of Paris; Dr Tayyip Gkbilgin, Kemal H. Karpat, Satvet Ltfi Tozan, Reit SafetAtabinen, zcan Ergder, Captain and Mrs Irfan Orga, the late Dr Ernest Altounyan, Albert Hourani, Dr Gotthard Jschke, ofMnster; Sir Hamilton Gibb, of Harvard University; Dr L. V. Thomas, of Princeton University; Dr Dankwart A. Rustow and DrJ. C. Hurewitz, of Columbia University, New York; Dr Frederick P. Latimer, of the University of Salt Lake City; Dr WalterF. Weiker, of Rutgers University; Lawrence Moore, of Ankara; Mrs John Earl Davis, of New York; M Gaston Bergery, former FrenchAmbassador to Turkey; Sir James Bowker and Sir Bernard Burrows, former British Ambassadors to Turkey, Mr and Mrs GeoffreyLewis, and John Hyde, of the British Consulate-General in Istanbul.

With regard to the text, I have to thank Miss Adele Dogan, Robert Rhodes James and Andrew Mango, for constructive criticismof the completed work; W. E. D. Allen for advice at an earlier stage; and Mrs Jasper Streater for helpful attention, on mybehalf, to detail and general content.

Mrs St George Saunders has given me valuable assistance, by her work on English newspaper sources; Bayan Iten Erkin and BilgeKarasu, of Ankara, have helped me patiently in reading and translating from Turkish sources. Above all I must express profoundgratitude to Dr Mina Urgan, Professor of Literature at Istanbul University, for her devoted industry over a long period inresearch, reading and translation on my behalf. Without her untiring and discerning collaboration, this book could not havetaken the shape it has.