Allen G. Noble - Wood, Brick and Stone: The North American Settlement Landscape : Barns and Farm Structures
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Wood, Brick and Stone: The North American Settlement Landscape : Barns and Farm Structures
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Wood, Brick, and Stone. Vol. 2, Barns and Farm Structures : The North American Settlement Landscape
author
:
Noble, Allen George.; Geib, M. Margaret.
publisher
:
University of Massachusetts Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0870235184
print isbn13
:
9780870235184
ebook isbn13
:
9780585253503
language
:
English
subject
Vernacular architecture--North America.
publication date
:
1984
lcc
:
NA703.N6 1984eb
ddc
:
728/.097
subject
:
Vernacular architecture--North America.
Page i
Wood, Brick, and Stone
The North American Settlement Landscape: Volume 2: Barns and Farm Structures
Allen G. Noble
Drawings by M. Margaret Geib
The University of Massachusetts Press Amherst
Page ii
Publication of this book was assisted by the American Council of Learned Societies under a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Designed by Mary Mendell Copyright 1984 by The University of Massachusetts Press All rights reserved First paperback printing 1986 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Noble, Allen George, 1930 Wood, brick, and stone. Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: v. 1. Housesv. 2. Barns and farm structures. 1. Vernacular architectureNorth American I. Geib, M. Margaret. II. Title. NA703.N6 1984 728'.097 83-24110 ISBN 0-87023-410-2 (v.1) cloth ISBN 0-87023-411-0 (v.2) cloth ISBN 0-87023-517-6 (v.1) paper ISBN 0-87023-518-4 (v.2) paper
Page iii
CONTENTS
Preface
v
Part One Evolution of Barns
1: The North American Farm Barn: Simple Cribs and Transverse Frame
1
2: The North American Farm Barn: Early Ethnic Origins
15
3: The North American Farm Barn: Changes in Time and Space
36
4: Diffusion of the Farm Barn in Northeastern North America
56
Part Two Evolution of Other Farm Structures
5: The Diffusion and Evolution of the Silo
69
6: Secondary Farm Structures
81
7: Fences, Walls, and Hedges
118
Part Three The Settlement Landscape: Review and Prospect
8: The Settlement Landscape
134
9: Settlement Landscape Study: Agenda for the Future
164
Notes
171
Index
183
Page v
PREFACE TO VOLUME TWO
Interest in the material culture of North America is growing steadily. In part, this situation may be a consequence of the environmental and preservation movements of the 1970s, when the consciousness of the American public over the erosion of their heritage was raised by so many diverse groups. It may also stem partly from the diversification of university study to include more non-traditional academic ventures.
Volume 2 of Wood, Brick, and Stone illustrates a part of the wide range of structures that warrant study by cultural geographers, folklorists, architectural historians, architects, social historians, anthropologists, and specialists in American studies. Even so, only rural farm structures are included. It remains for this inventory to be extended and completed by others.
The acknowledgments given in the first volume also pertain to this volume, with certain additions. At the University of Akron, Judy Woods has helped with the typing and Mohammed Haque with some of the research, augmenting the continuing efforts of those listed in Volume 1. Professor Howard Marshall of the University of Missouri read the entire manuscript and offered many useful suggestions for improvement.
Finally, several individuals at the University of Massachusetts Press have given advice and assistance which is greatly appreciated. Leone Stein was the first to recognize some value in the project and Richard Martin saw the book through to its successful completion. Mary Mendell has labored successfully to improve the style and appearance of both volumes. Pam Campbell has taught me much about writing. Not only has she carefully searched out and corrected my errors of both fact and expression, but also she has provided insightful criticisms.
To all of these people, as well as those mentioned in the earlier volume, I remain perpetually indebted.
Page 1
PART ONE EVOLUTION OF BARNS
1 The North American Farm Barn: Simple Cribs and Transverse Frame
Houses are clearly among the most significant indicators on the landscape. Folk houses demonstrate a strong ethnic connection, defining areas of cultural influence. Furthermore, the design of folk housing is sometimes strongly influenced by local environmental conditions. Beginning in the nineteenth century, popular housing, which has largely supplanted folk housing, added additional cultural dimensions, often pointing to connections not immediately or obviously apparent. Thus, many of the nineteenth-century American house styles, such as Classical Revival, Gothic Revival, or Italianate, demonstrate either an academic or an indirect association with foreign influences. Because urban landscapes are crowded with a distractingly large variety of buildings, and because urban growth and renewal have often resulted in large-scale replacement of houses, it is in small towns and their surrounding rural areas that folk and popular houses are most clearly seen.
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