C.R. Boxer - South China in the Sixteenth Century (1550-1575)

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South China in the Sixteenth Century (15501575)

Being the narratives of Galeote Pereira, Fr. Gaspar da Cruz, O.P., Fr. Martin de Rada, O.E.S.A., (1550-1575)

Edited by
C.R. BOXER

First published 2010 by Ashgate Publishing

Published 2016 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Copyright Taylor & Francis 2010

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Notice:

Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Founded in 1846, the Hakluyt Society seeks to advance knowledge and education by the publication of scholarly editions of primary records of voyages, travels and other geographical material. In partnership with Ashgate, and using print-on-demand and e-book technology, the Society has made re-available all 290 volumes comprised in Series I and Series II of its publications in both print and digital editions. For a complete listing of titles and more information about these series, visit www.ashgate.com/hakluyt , and for information about the Hakluyt Society visit www.hakluyt.com .

ISBN 13: 978-1-4094-1472-8 (hbk)

WOEKS ISSUED BY

THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY

SOUTH CHINA IN
THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY

SECOND SERIES
No. CVI

ISSUED FOR 1953

COUNCIL AND OFFICERS
OF
THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY
1952

PRESIDENT

MALCOLM LETTS, Esq., F.S.A.

VICE-PRESIDENTS

Professor E. G. R. TAYLOR, D.Sc.,

JAMES A. WILLIAMSON, Esq., D.Lit.

COUNCIL

(with date of election)

MARCEL AUROUSSEAU, Esq. (1948)

Professor C. R. BOXER (1948)

SIR ALAN BURNS, G.C.M.G. (1949)

REAR-ADMIRAL A. DAY, C.B.E.

ESMOND S. DE BEER, Esq. (1950)

E. W. GILBERT, Esq., M.A., B.Litt. (1952)

C. C. LLOYD, Esq. (1951)

F. B. MAGGS, Esq. (1951)

J. V. MILLS, Esq. (1949)

GEORGE P. B. NAISH, Esq. (1950)

G. NICHOLSON, Esq., M.P. (1951)

J. PACKMAN, Esq. (1951)

N. M. PENZER, Esq., Litt.D., F.S.A. (1947)

TRACYPHILIPFS, Esq., M.C., Hon. D.C.L. (1947)

Professor D. B. QUINN (1952)

Royal Geographical Society (G. R. CRONE, Esq.) (1949)

TRUSTEES
J. N. L. BAKER, Esq., M.A., B.Litt.

E. W. BOVILL, Esq.MALCOLM LETTS, Esq., F.S.A.

TREASURER
J. N. L. BAKER, Esq., M.A., B.Litt.

HON. SECRETARIES

(Publications) R. A. SKELTON, Esq., B.A., F.S.A.

(Administration)]. V. MILLS, Esq., M.A.

HON. SECRETARIES FOR OVERSEAS

Australia: Professor R. M. CRAWFORD.

British West Indies: Professor C. Y. SHEPHARD.

Canada: Professor G. H. T. KIMBLE.

India: Dr. N. P. CHAKRAVARTI.

New Zealand: C. R. H. TAYLOR, Esq., M.A.

South Africa: DOUGLAS VARLEY, Esq.

U.S.A.: W. M. WHITEHILL, Esq. Ph.D., F.S.A.

The title-page of the first European book on China (The Tractado of Gaspar da Cruz, Evora, 1569)

SOUTH CHINA IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY

Being the narratives of
GALEOTE PEREIRA
FR. GASPAR DA CRUZ, O.P.
FR. MARTfN DE RADA, O.E.S.A.
(1550-1575)

Edited by
C. R. BOXER

CAMOES PROFESSOR OF PORTUGUESE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON,
KINGS COLLEGE

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY ROBERT MACKEHOSE AND CO.LTD,
THE UNIVERXITY PRESS, GLASGOW

To
Jack Braga

As a small acknowledgement of many kindnesses

THIS volume contains three narratives describing South China as it appeared to Portuguese and Spanish visitors to that country in the years 1550-1575. The narratives and their writers are discussed in the introduction, this preface being concerned only with the editing of the volume.

The translation of the narrative of Galeote Pereira is based on Richard Willis translation in the History of Trauayle in the West and East Indies and other countreys lying eyther way towards the fruitfull and ryche Moluccas (London, 1577), leaves 237-251 [misprinted 253], which, in its turn, was taken from the Italian version printed in the Nuovi Avisi delle Indie di Portogallo Quarta Parte (Venice, 1565) pp. 6387. I have carefully compared Willis version with the Portuguese manuscript copies of Pereiras original report which are preserved in the Archives at Lisbon and Rome, and made such additions and alterations to Willis text as proved to be necessary.

Similarly, the translation of the Tractado of Gaspar da Cruz is based on Samuel Purchas pioneer English translation, A Treatise of China and the adjoining regions, written by Gaspar da Cruz a Dominican Friar, and dedicated to Sebastian, King of Portugal: here abbreviated, printed in Purchas his Pilgrimes (London, 1625), III pp. 166198. I have restored Purchas omissions (amounting to about one-third of the original text) and corrected and amplified his translation where a careful comparison with the original Portuguese edition of 1569-70 showed this to be justified. Since this present edition is not a textual reprint of Willis and Purchas pioneer efforts, I have not adhered slavishly to their spelling and punctuation. I have modernised the spelling of other than proper names, and corrected the punctuation where this was necessary for the sense; but apart from this, I have not altered their wording or their idiom except where they had mistaken the meaning of their often obscurely worded Portuguese originals.

There was no contemporaneous English translation of Fr. Martin de Radas Relation of 1575, on which I could base my

own version and thus give the latter the authentic flavour of the original. I have accordingly made my own translation from a comparison of three sixteenth-century Spanish versions, only one of which has been hitherto available in printand that in the files of an obscure Spanish religious periodical (Revista Agustiniana Vols. VIII and IX, Valladolid, 1884-1885). I have tried to pay due regard not only to the sense but to the idiom of the sixteenth-century Spanish texts; but obviously this translation does not have the Elizabethan or Jacobean flavour of the other two.

In preparing the footnotes, I have done my best to confine them to such points as are necessary to elucidate the text, in accordance with the Societys present practice. Most of the bibliographical references given in the introduction and notes are abbreviated: the full titles of the works so cited will be found in the Bibliography.

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